IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v124y2017icp553-564.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analysing CO2 emissions from Singapore's electricity generation sector: Strategies for 2020 and beyond

Author

Listed:
  • Ali, H.
  • Sanjaya, S.
  • Suryadi, B.
  • Weller, S.R.

Abstract

Since 2009, Singapore has set about implementing mitigation and energy efficiency measures in key sectors to achieve unilaterally pledged reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 7–11% below business-as-usual (BAU) levels in 2020. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants are a major focus for emissions abatement, with an expected reduction of 4 Mt CO2 from the electricity generation sector in 2020. In this paper, we explore Singapore's various strategies in the electricity generation sector to fulfil this target and use an EnergyPLAN optimization model to assess the impact of these strategies on CO2 emissions from Singapore's electricity generation sector through to 2020. A comparison of BAU scenario in 2020 (BAU 2020), 2020 target emissions reduction trajectory, and three emissions reduction alternative policy scenarios (denoted APS-I, APS-II, and APS-III) is carried out. The EnergyPLAN simulation results indicate that all three APS scenarios achieve the 2020 carbon emissions reduction target in Singapore's electricity generation sector. The results furthermore suggest that the 2020 electricity generation associated emissions reduction target can be met through measures that are already available. Vulnerabilities are identified in Singapore's electricity generation fuel mix, and emission reduction strategies beyond 2020 are outlined.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali, H. & Sanjaya, S. & Suryadi, B. & Weller, S.R., 2017. "Analysing CO2 emissions from Singapore's electricity generation sector: Strategies for 2020 and beyond," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 553-564.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:124:y:2017:i:c:p:553-564
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.112
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544217301196
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.112?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. repec:eab:develo:23426 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Duquette, Jean & Wild, Peter & Rowe, Andrew, 2014. "The potential benefits of widespread combined heat and power based district energy networks in the province of Ontario," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 41-51.
    3. Doshi, Tilak K. & D’Souza, Neil Sebastian, 2013. "Development Trajectories, Emission Profile, and Policy Actions: Singapore," ADBI Working Papers 424, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    4. Timmerman, Jonas & Vandevelde, Lieven & Van Eetvelde, Greet, 2014. "Towards low carbon business park energy systems: Classification of techno-economic energy models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 68-80.
    5. Tan, Reginald B.H. & Wijaya, David & Khoo, Hsien H., 2010. "LCI (Life cycle inventory) analysis of fuels and electricity generation in Singapore," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 4910-4916.
    6. Lund, Henrik & Duić, Neven & Krajac˘ić, Goran & Graça Carvalho, Maria da, 2007. "Two energy system analysis models: A comparison of methodologies and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 948-954.
    7. Kwon, Pil Seok & Østergaard, Poul Alberg, 2013. "Priority order in using biomass resources – Energy systems analyses of future scenarios for Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 86-94.
    8. Lund, Henrik & Kempton, Willett, 2008. "Integration of renewable energy into the transport and electricity sectors through V2G," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 3578-3587, September.
    9. Alberg Østergaard, Poul, 2003. "Transmission-grid requirements with scattered and fluctuating renewable electricity-sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(1-3), pages 247-255, September.
    10. Zhai, Pei & Larsen, Peter & Millstein, Dev & Menon, Surabi & Masanet, Eric, 2012. "The potential for avoided emissions from photovoltaic electricity in the United States," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 443-450.
    11. Connolly, D. & Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Pican, E. & Leahy, M., 2012. "The technical and economic implications of integrating fluctuating renewable energy using energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 47-60.
    12. Yue, Cheng-Dar & Chen, Chung-Sheng & Lee, Yu-Chen, 2016. "Integration of optimal combinations of renewable energy sources into the energy supply of Wang-An Island," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 930-942.
    13. Kannan, R. & Leong, K.C. & Osman, R. & Ho, H.K., 2007. "Life cycle energy, emissions and cost inventory of power generation technologies in Singapore," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(4), pages 702-715, May.
    14. Ćosić, Boris & Krajačić, Goran & Duić, Neven, 2012. "A 100% renewable energy system in the year 2050: The case of Macedonia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 80-87.
    15. Ma, Tao & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Lund, Henrik & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2014. "An energy system model for Hong Kong in 2020," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 301-310.
    16. repec:eab:macroe:23426 is not listed on IDEAS
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Vincenzo Bianco & Annalisa Marchitto & Federico Scarpa & Luca A Tagliafico, 2020. "Heat pumps for buildings heating: Energy, environmental, and economic issues," Energy & Environment, , vol. 31(1), pages 116-129, February.
    3. Tharsis Teoh & Oliver Kunze & Chee-Chong Teo & Yiik Diew Wong, 2018. "Decarbonisation of Urban Freight Transport Using Electric Vehicles and Opportunity Charging," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Wang, Jie & Xiong, Yiling & Tian, Xin & Liu, Shangwei & Li, Jiashuo & Tanikawa, Hiroki, 2018. "Stagnating CO2 emissions with in-depth socioeconomic transition in Beijing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1714-1725.
    5. Vanegas Cantarero, María Mercedes, 2018. "Reviewing the Nicaraguan transition to a renewable energy system: Why is “business-as-usual” no longer an option?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 580-592.
    6. Lin Zhu & Lichun He & Peipei Shang & Yingchun Zhang & Xiaojun Ma, 2018. "Influencing Factors and Scenario Forecasts of Carbon Emissions of the Chinese Power Industry: Based on a Generalized Divisia Index Model and Monte Carlo Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-26, September.
    7. Wang, Yongpei & Li, Jun, 2019. "Spatial spillover effect of non-fossil fuel power generation on carbon dioxide emissions across China's provinces," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 317-330.
    8. Wei Sun & Hua Cai & Yuwei Wang, 2018. "Refined Laspeyres Decomposition-Based Analysis of Relationship between Economy and Electric Carbon Productivity from the Provincial Perspective—Development Mode and Policy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Xue-Ting Jiang & Rongrong Li, 2017. "Decoupling and Decomposition Analysis of Carbon Emissions from Electric Output in the United States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-13, May.
    10. Narayanan, Arun & Mets, Kevin & Strobbe, Matthias & Develder, Chris, 2019. "Feasibility of 100% renewable energy-based electricity production for cities with storage and flexibility," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 698-709.
    11. Zhang, Boling & Wang, Qian & Wang, Sixia & Tong, Ruipeng, 2023. "Coal power demand and paths to peak carbon emissions in China: A provincial scenario analysis oriented by CO2-related health co-benefits," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    12. Prasad, Ravita D. & Raturi, Atul, 2019. "Low carbon alternatives and their implications for Fiji's electricity sector," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1-19.
    13. Liao, Shiwu & Yao, Wei & Han, Xingning & Wen, Jinyu & Cheng, Shijie, 2017. "Chronological operation simulation framework for regional power system under high penetration of renewable energy using meteorological data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 816-828.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Mahbub, Md Shahriar & Cozzini, Marco & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Alberti, Fabrizio, 2016. "Combining multi-objective evolutionary algorithms and descriptive analytical modelling in energy scenario design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 140-151.
    3. Vidal-Amaro, Juan José & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Sheinbaum-Pardo, Claudia, 2015. "Optimal energy mix for transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources – The case of the Mexican electricity system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 80-96.
    4. Wang, Kexin & Chen, Shang & Liu, Liuchen & Zhu, Tong & Gan, Zhongxue, 2018. "Enhancement of renewable energy penetration through energy storage technologies in a CHP-based energy system for Chongming, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 988-1002.
    5. Ma, Tao & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Lund, Henrik & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2014. "An energy system model for Hong Kong in 2020," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 301-310.
    6. Zakeri, Behnam & Syri, Sanna & Rinne, Samuli, 2015. "Higher renewable energy integration into the existing energy system of Finland – Is there any maximum limit?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(P3), pages 244-259.
    7. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Andersen, Anders N., 2021. "Variable taxes promoting district heating heat pump flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    8. Mathiesen, B.V. & Lund, H. & Connolly, D. & Wenzel, H. & Østergaard, P.A. & Möller, B. & Nielsen, S. & Ridjan, I. & Karnøe, P. & Sperling, K. & Hvelplund, F.K., 2015. "Smart Energy Systems for coherent 100% renewable energy and transport solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 139-154.
    9. Liu, Liuchen & Zhu, Tong & Pan, Yu & Wang, Hai, 2017. "Multiple energy complementation based on distributed energy systems – Case study of Chongming county, China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 329-336.
    10. Muhammad Faizan Tahir & Haoyong Chen & Muhammad Sufyan Javed & Irfan Jameel & Asad Khan & Saifullah Adnan, 2019. "Integration of Different Individual Heating Scenarios and Energy Storages into Hybrid Energy System Model of China for 2030," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-20, May.
    11. Simoglou, Christos K. & Bakirtzis, Emmanouil A. & Biskas, Pandelis N. & Bakirtzis, Anastasios G., 2016. "Optimal operation of insular electricity grids under high RES penetration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 1308-1316.
    12. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Lund, Henrik, 2011. "A renewable energy system in Frederikshavn using low-temperature geothermal energy for district heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 479-487, February.
    13. Hansen, Kenneth & Breyer, Christian & Lund, Henrik, 2019. "Status and perspectives on 100% renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 471-480.
    14. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Jantzen, Jan & Marczinkowski, Hannah Mareike & Kristensen, Michael, 2019. "Business and socioeconomic assessment of introducing heat pumps with heat storage in small-scale district heating systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 904-914.
    15. Assefa Hagos, Dejene & Gebremedhin, Alemayehu & Folsland Bolkesjø, Torjus, 2015. "Comparing the value of bioenergy in the heating and transport sectors of an electricity-intensive energy system in Norway," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 386-396.
    16. Ma, Weiwu & Xue, Xinpei & Liu, Gang, 2018. "Techno-economic evaluation for hybrid renewable energy system: Application and merits," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 385-409.
    17. Cerovac, Tin & Ćosić, Boris & Pukšec, Tomislav & Duić, Neven, 2014. "Wind energy integration into future energy systems based on conventional plants – The case study of Croatia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 643-655.
    18. You, Wei & Geng, Yong & Dong, Huijuan & Wilson, Jeffrey & Pan, Hengyu & Wu, Rui & Sun, Lu & Zhang, Xi & Liu, Zhiqing, 2018. "Technical and economic assessment of RES penetration by modelling China's existing energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 900-910.
    19. Yao Li & Liulin Yang & Tianlu Luo, 2023. "Energy System Low-Carbon Transition under Dual-Carbon Goals: The Case of Guangxi, China Using the EnergyPLAN Tool," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-16, April.
    20. Rodrigues, E.M.G. & Godina, R. & Santos, S.F. & Bizuayehu, A.W. & Contreras, J. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2014. "Energy storage systems supporting increased penetration of renewables in islanded systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 265-280.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:124:y:2017:i:c:p:553-564. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.