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Techno-economic and life cycle environmental performance analyses of a solar photovoltaic microgrid system for developing countries

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  • Akinyele, Daniel O.
  • Rayudu, Ramesh K.

Abstract

This paper presents detailed techno-economic and environmental analyses of a SPM (solar photovoltaic microgrid) for remote communities. The SPM is modeled to support a yearly load growth of 2% over a project life of 25 years, with a base case demand of 63,875 kWh/yr. The PV and the battery performances are carefully evaluated. We use the unmet demand, loss of energy probability and the availability indices to determine the system reliability. LCC (Life cycle cost) and LCI (life cycle impact) analyses are used to assess the economic and the environmental performances of the SPM. A small community in Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria is used as a case study, and we obtained SPM capacities of 55–82.5 kW with availability values of 96.86–98.74%. The life cycle costs of the SPMs range from 425,500 to $ 470,472, which is about 47–50% of the values obtained for the diesel power system. The emission rate of 56.7 gCO2-eq/kWh is obtained, which is 8.15–9.84% of the emission rates of the diesel system. The global warming potential of the SPM systems ranges from 5178 to 7765 kgCO2-eq, while the energy payback time and the energy return on investment are ∼1.46 years and 17, respectively. These results can be useful for conceptualizing and planning PV microgrids in developing countries.

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  • Akinyele, Daniel O. & Rayudu, Ramesh K., 2016. "Techno-economic and life cycle environmental performance analyses of a solar photovoltaic microgrid system for developing countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 160-179.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:109:y:2016:i:c:p:160-179
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.061
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    6. Abhi Chatterjee & Daniel Burmester & Alan Brent & Ramesh Rayudu, 2019. "Research Insights and Knowledge Headways for Developing Remote, Off-Grid Microgrids in Developing Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, May.
    7. Daniel Akinyele & Juri Belikov & Yoash Levron, 2018. "Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-35, February.
    8. Akinyele, D.O. & Rayudu, R.K. & Nair, N.K.C., 2017. "Life cycle impact assessment of photovoltaic power generation from crystalline silicon-based solar modules in Nigeria," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 537-549.
    9. Bagheri, Mehdi & Shirzadi, Navid & Bazdar, Elahe & Kennedy, Christopher A., 2018. "Optimal planning of hybrid renewable energy infrastructure for urban sustainability: Green Vancouver," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 254-264.
    10. T. Chamarande & S. Mathy & B. Hingray, 2022. "The least cost design of 100% solar power microgrids in Africa: sensitivity to meteorological and economic drivers and possibility for simple pre-sizing rules," Post-Print hal-03740059, HAL.
    11. Bamisile, Olusola & Huang, Qi & Xu, Xiao & Hu, Weihao & Liu, Wen & Liu, Zhou & Chen, Zhe, 2020. "An approach for sustainable energy planning towards 100 % electrification of Nigeria by 2030," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    12. Zhu, Rui & Lau, Wing Sze & You, Linlin & Yan, Jinyue & Ratti, Carlo & Chen, Min & Wong, Man Sing & Qin, Zheng, 2024. "Multi-sourced data modelling of spatially heterogenous life-cycle carbon mitigation from installed rooftop photovoltaics: A case study in Singapore," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    13. He, Li & Zhang, Shiyue & Chen, Yizhong & Ren, Lixia & Li, Jing, 2018. "Techno-economic potential of a renewable energy-based microgrid system for a sustainable large-scale residential community in Beijing, China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 631-641.
    14. Mehra, Varun & Amatya, Reja & Ram, Rajeev J., 2018. "Estimating the value of demand-side management in low-cost, solar micro-grids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 74-87.
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    16. Bertheau, Paul, 2020. "Supplying not electrified islands with 100% renewable energy based micro grids: A geospatial and techno-economic analysis for the Philippines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).

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