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The role of energy storage in accessing remote wind resources in the Midwest

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  • Lamy, Julian
  • Azevedo, Inês L.
  • Jaramillo, Paulina

Abstract

Replacing current generation with wind energy would help reduce the emissions associated with fossil fuel electricity generation. However, integrating wind into the electricity grid is not without cost. Wind power output is highly variable and average capacity factors from wind farms are often much lower than conventional generators. Further, the best wind resources with highest capacity factors are often located far away from load centers and accessing them therefore requires transmission investments. Energy storage capacity could be an alternative to some of the required transmission investment, thereby reducing capital costs for accessing remote wind farms. This work focuses on the trade-offs between energy storage and transmission. In a case study of a 200MW wind farm in North Dakota to deliver power to Illinois, we estimate the size of transmission and energy storage capacity that yields the lowest average cost of generating and delivering electricity ($/MWh) from this farm. We find that transmission costs must be at least $600/MW-km and energy storage must cost at most $100/kWh in order for this application of energy storage to be economical.

Suggested Citation

  • Lamy, Julian & Azevedo, Inês L. & Jaramillo, Paulina, 2014. "The role of energy storage in accessing remote wind resources in the Midwest," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 123-131.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:68:y:2014:i:c:p:123-131
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2014.01.008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Delucchi, Mark A. & Jacobson, Mark Z., 2011. "Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part II: Reliability, system and transmission costs, and policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 1170-1190, March.
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    7. Jacobson, Mark Z. & Delucchi, Mark A., 2011. "Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part I: Technologies, energy resources, quantities and areas of infrastructure, and materials," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 1154-1169, March.
    8. Fischlein, Miriam & Wilson, Elizabeth J. & Peterson, Tarla R. & Stephens, Jennie C., 2013. "States of transmission: Moving towards large-scale wind power," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 101-113.
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    Cited by:

    1. Escalante Soberanis, M.A. & Mithrush, T. & Bassam, A. & Mérida, W., 2018. "A sensitivity analysis to determine technical and economic feasibility of energy storage systems implementation: A flow battery case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 547-557.
    2. Peña, Ivonne & L. Azevedo, Inês & Marcelino Ferreira, Luís António Fialho, 2017. "Lessons from wind policy in Portugal," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 193-202.
    3. Murphy, C.A. & Schleifer, A. & Eurek, K., 2021. "A taxonomy of systems that combine utility-scale renewable energy and energy storage technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    4. Lamy, Julian V. & Jaramillo, Paulina & Azevedo, Inês L. & Wiser, Ryan, 2016. "Should we build wind farms close to load or invest in transmission to access better wind resources in remote areas? A case study in the MISO region," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 341-350.
    5. Gaudard, Ludovic & Madani, Kaveh, 2019. "Energy storage race: Has the monopoly of pumped-storage in Europe come to an end?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 22-29.
    6. Jorgenson, Jennie & Denholm, Paul & Mai, Trieu, 2018. "Analyzing storage for wind integration in a transmission-constrained power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 122-129.

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