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The integration of renewable energies into the German transmission grid—A scenario comparison

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  • Schroeder, Andreas
  • Oei, Pao-Yu
  • Sander, Aram
  • Hankel, Lisa
  • Laurisch, Lilian Charlotte

Abstract

This article presents a quantitative assessment of the need for electricity transmission capacity investments in Germany for 2030. Congestion is analyzed and its possible relief through appropriate grid reinforcements as those described in the Ten Year Network Development Plan (TYNDP) of the European Commission. Congestion is investigated in three scenarios which differ in the location of power resources and the line expansion projects accomplished. Results show that the TYNDP and overlay line projects proposed in 2011 are not sufficient measures to cope with the increasing demand for transmission capacity. The paper also concludes that if power generation resources are moved closer to demand centers grid bottlenecks can be partly relieved by 2030. The introduction of a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) backbone grid does not relieve congestion significantly.

Suggested Citation

  • Schroeder, Andreas & Oei, Pao-Yu & Sander, Aram & Hankel, Lisa & Laurisch, Lilian Charlotte, 2013. "The integration of renewable energies into the German transmission grid—A scenario comparison," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 140-150.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:61:y:2013:i:c:p:140-150
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.006
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    2. Mesfun, Sennai & Leduc, Sylvain & Patrizio, Piera & Wetterlund, Elisabeth & Mendoza-Ponce, Alma & Lammens, Tijs & Staritsky, Igor & Elbersen, Berien & Lundgren, Joakim & Kraxner, Florian, 2018. "Spatio-temporal assessment of integrating intermittent electricity in the EU and Western Balkans power sector under ambitious CO2 emission policies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 676-693.
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    4. Heard, B.P. & Brook, B.W. & Wigley, T.M.L. & Bradshaw, C.J.A., 2017. "Burden of proof: A comprehensive review of the feasibility of 100% renewable-electricity systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1122-1133.
    5. Pfenninger, Stefan, 2017. "Dealing with multiple decades of hourly wind and PV time series in energy models: A comparison of methods to reduce time resolution and the planning implications of inter-annual variability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 1-13.
    6. Jonas Egerer, 2016. "Open Source Electricity Model for Germany (ELMOD-DE)," Data Documentation 83, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    7. Jan Málek & Lukáš Recka & Karel Janda, 2017. "Impact of German Energiewende on transmission lines in the Central European region," CAMA Working Papers 2017-72, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    8. Faddy Ardian & Silvia Concettini & Anna Creti, 2015. "Intermittent renewable generation and network congestion: an empirical analysis of Italian Power Market," Working Papers hal-01218543, HAL.
    9. Bjørnebye, Henrik & Hagem, Cathrine & Lind, Arne, 2018. "Optimal location of renewable power," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 1203-1215.
    10. Karel Janda & Jan Malek & Lukas Recka, 2017. "The Influence of Renewable Energy Sources on the Czech Electricity Transmission System," Working Papers IES 2017/06, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, revised Mar 2017.
    11. Navon, Aviad & Kulbekov, Pavel & Dolev, Shahar & Yehuda, Gil & Levron, Yoash, 2020. "Integration of distributed renewable energy sources in Israel: Transmission congestion challenges and policy recommendations," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    12. Staffell, Iain & Pfenninger, Stefan, 2018. "The increasing impact of weather on electricity supply and demand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 65-78.
    13. Bowen Li & Sukanta Basu & Simon J. Watson & Herman W. J. Russchenberg, 2021. "A Brief Climatology of Dunkelflaute Events over and Surrounding the North and Baltic Sea Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-14, October.
    14. Janda, Karel & Málek, Jan & Rečka, Lukáš, 2017. "Influence of renewable energy sources on transmission networks in Central Europe," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 524-537.
    15. Hansen, Kenneth & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Skov, Iva Ridjan, 2019. "Full energy system transition towards 100% renewable energy in Germany in 2050," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1-13.
    16. Craig, Christopher A. & Allen, Myria W., 2014. "Enhanced understanding of energy ratepayers: Factors influencing perceptions of government energy efficiency subsidies and utility alternative energy use," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 224-233.
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    18. Yue Pu & Yunting Li & Yingzi Wang, 2021. "Structure Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Cross-Border Electricity Trade: A Complex Network Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, May.

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