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Are petrol retailers less responsive to changes in wholesale or crude oil prices when they face lower competition? The case of Greater Sydney

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  • Valadkhani, Abbas
  • Anwar, Sajid
  • Ghazanfari, Arezoo
  • Nguyen, Jeremy

Abstract

Market efficiency is distorted when retailers are unwilling to pass on changes in wholesale costs or the price of oil (as a major production input cost) to motorists. Existing approaches to measuring pass-through parameters may obscure such behaviour because of the use of fixed-parameter models and/or aggregated price data across different locations and brands over time. We contribute to the literature by examining if there is a mismatch between wholesale and retail petrol prices across different brands supplying unleaded petrol within the same geographical location. To do so, we examine the effects of upstream shocks, arising from changes in oil or wholesale petrol prices, on the retail petrol prices of 672 stations in Sydney, Australia's largest city. We find that the pass-through parameters are significantly lower for stations with fewer competitors in their immediate proximity. When there are fewer than 13 petrol stations within a 5-km radius, or 33 stations within 10 km, irrespective of their brand, they become increasingly less responsive to changes in the wholesale petrol price or the price of crude oil. Our findings enhance market transparency and provide regulators with a rule of thumb that allows them to monitor the unleaded petrol market more effectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Valadkhani, Abbas & Anwar, Sajid & Ghazanfari, Arezoo & Nguyen, Jeremy, 2021. "Are petrol retailers less responsive to changes in wholesale or crude oil prices when they face lower competition? The case of Greater Sydney," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:153:y:2021:i:c:s0301421521001476
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112278
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    Cited by:

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    2. Francisco Teixeira Raeder & Niagara Rodrigues & Luciano Dias Losekann, 2022. "Asymmetry in Gasoline Price Transmission: How do Fuel Pricing Strategy and the Ethanol Addition Mandate Affect Consumers?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(4), pages 517-527, July.
    3. Li, Sisi & Khan, Sufyan Ullah & Yao, Yao & Chen, George S. & Zhang, Lin & Salim, Ruhul & Huo, Jiaying, 2022. "Estimating the long-run crude oil demand function of China: Some new evidence and policy options," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    4. Arezoo Ghazanfari & Armin Razmjoo, 2022. "The Effect of Market Isolation on Competitive Behavior in Retail Petrol Markets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-33, July.
    5. Arezoo Ghazanfari, 2022. "What Drives Petrol Price Dispersion across Australian Cities?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-24, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Unleaded petrol; Retail price; Threshold regressions; Australia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models; Threshold Regression Models
    • D40 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - General
    • L50 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - General
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

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