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An assessment of proposed energy resource tax reform in Russia: A static general equilibrium analysis

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  • Orlov, Anton

Abstract

A large part of government revenues in Russia comes from royalties and export taxes on crude oil, oil products, and gas. Recently, the Russian government has considered reducing export taxes on crude oil and oil products compensated by an increase in the royalty on crude oil. The objective of the paper is to analyse the economy-wide effects of this proposal. Moreover, a hypothetical replacement of export taxes and royalties with a pure rent tax is analysed. A static, single-country, multi-sector computable generation equilibrium (CGE) model is employed. The primary findings are as follows. A replacement of export taxes on crude oil and oil products with a royalty on crude oil provides substantial allocative efficiency gains, but this policy is not a superior one. Welfare could be substantially improved when the export taxes and royalty are replaced with a pure rent tax that can be implemented in the form of a cash-flow tax. On the negative side, reducing export taxes on crude oil and oil products results in a strong appreciation of the currency. As a result, domestic producers become less competitive in domestic markets, and there is a massive increase in import demand.

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  • Orlov, Anton, 2015. "An assessment of proposed energy resource tax reform in Russia: A static general equilibrium analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 251-263.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:50:y:2015:i:c:p:251-263
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2015.05.011
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    Cited by:

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    2. Ieva Meidute-Kavaliauskiene & Vida Davidaviciene & Shahryar Ghorbani & Iman Ghasemian Sahebi, 2021. "Optimal Allocation of Gas Resources to Different Consumption Sectors Using Multi-Objective Goal Programming," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Lin, Boqiang & Jia, Zhijie, 2019. "How does tax system on energy industries affect energy demand, CO2 emissions, and economy in China?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    4. Dzyuba, Yu. & Bakalova, I., 2023. "CGE models for resource-based economy: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 61(4), pages 12-50.
    5. Beer, Sebastian & Loeprick, Jan, 2017. "Taxing income in the oil and gas sector — Challenges of international and domestic profit shifting," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 186-198.
    6. Orlov, Anton & Aaheim, Asbjørn, 2017. "Economy-wide effects of international and Russia's climate policies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 466-477.
    7. Ge, Jianping & Lei, Yalin, 2018. "Resource tax on rare earths in China: Policy evolution and market responses," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 291-297.
    8. Orlov, Anton, 2016. "Effects of higher domestic gas prices in Russia on the European gas market: A game theoretical Hotelling model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 188-199.
    9. Sun, Xiaohua & Ren, Junlin & Wang, Yun, 2022. "The impact of resource taxation on resource curse: Evidence from Chinese resource tax policy," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    10. Yanhui Yin & Bowen Yang, 2023. "Environmental Protection or Development? Multiple Policy Effects Evaluation of the Resource Tax Collection Reform for Iron Ore Enterprises in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-15, February.
    11. V. A. Volkonskii & A. I. Kuzovkin, 2019. "Prices and Taxes for Oil and Oil Products in the Context of Long-Term Development of Russia," Studies on Russian Economic Development, Springer, vol. 30(3), pages 252-260, May.
    12. Boqiang Lin & Zhijie Jia, 2020. "Supply control vs. demand control: why is resource tax more effective than carbon tax in reducing emissions?," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(1), pages 1-13, December.
    13. Song, Yi & Zhang, Yangxueying & Zhang, Yijun, 2022. "Economic and environmental influences of resource tax: Firm-level evidence from China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Russia; CGE model; Energy resource taxation; Export taxes; Royalty; Gas and oil;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence
    • Q32 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • C68 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computable General Equilibrium Models

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