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Intensity models and transition probabilities for credit card loan delinquencies

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  • Leow, Mindy
  • Crook, Jonathan

Abstract

We estimate the probability of delinquency and default for a sample of credit card loans using intensity models, via semi-parametric multiplicative hazard models with time-varying covariates. It is the first time these models, previously applied for the estimation of rating transitions, are used on retail loans. Four states are defined in this non-homogenous Markov chain: up-to-date, one month in arrears, two months in arrears, and default; where transitions between states are affected by individual characteristics of the debtor at application and their repayment behaviour since. These intensity estimations allow for insights into the factors that affect movements towards (and recovery from) delinquency, and into default (or not). Results indicate that different types of debtors behave differently while in different states. The probabilities estimated for each type of transition are then used to make out-of-sample predictions over a specified period of time.

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  • Leow, Mindy & Crook, Jonathan, 2014. "Intensity models and transition probabilities for credit card loan delinquencies," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 236(2), pages 685-694.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:236:y:2014:i:2:p:685-694
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2013.12.026
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    Cited by:

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    2. Medina-Olivares, Victor & Calabrese, Raffaella & Crook, Jonathan & Lindgren, Finn, 2023. "Joint models for longitudinal and discrete survival data in credit scoring," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 307(3), pages 1457-1473.
    3. Kim, Hyeongjun & Cho, Hoon & Ryu, Doojin, 2018. "An empirical study on credit card loan delinquency," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 437-449.
    4. Li, Aimin & Li, Zhiyong & Bellotti, Anthony, 2023. "Predicting loss given default of unsecured consumer loans with time-varying survival scores," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    5. Djeundje, Viani Biatat & Crook, Jonathan, 2018. "Incorporating heterogeneity and macroeconomic variables into multi-state delinquency models for credit cards," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 271(2), pages 697-709.
    6. Perko, Igor, 2017. "Behaviour-based short-term invoice probability of default evaluation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 257(3), pages 1045-1054.
    7. Chen, Shou & Jiang, Xiangqian & He, Hongbo & Zhou, Xi, 2020. "A pricing model with dynamic repayment flows for guaranteed consumer loans," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1-11.
    8. Arno Botha & Conrad Beyers & Pieter de Villiers, 2020. "The loss optimisation of loan recovery decision times using forecast cash flows," Papers 2010.05601, arXiv.org.
    9. Bocchio, Cecilia & Crook, Jonathan & Andreeva, Galina, 2023. "The impact of macroeconomic scenarios on recurrent delinquency: A stress testing framework of multi-state models for mortgages," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 1655-1677.
    10. Leow, Mindy & Crook, Jonathan, 2016. "A new Mixture model for the estimation of credit card Exposure at Default," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 249(2), pages 487-497.

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