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New tools for understanding the local asymptotic power of panel unit root tests

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  • Westerlund, Joakim
  • Larsson, Rolf

Abstract

Motivated by the previously documented discrepancy between actual and predicted power, the present paper provides new tools for analyzing the local asymptotic power of panel unit root tests. These tools are appropriate in general when considering panel data with a dominant autoregressive root of the form ρi=1+ciN−κT−τ, where i=1,…,N indexes the cross-sectional units, T is the number of time periods and ci is a random local-to-unity parameter. A limit theory for the sample moments of such panel data is developed and is shown to involve infinite-order series expansions in the moments of ci, in which existing theories can be seen as mere first-order approximations. The new theory is applied to study the asymptotic local power functions of some known test statistics for a unit root. These functions can be expressed in terms of the expansions in the moments of ci, and include existing local power functions as special cases. Monte Carlo evidence is provided to suggest that the new results go a long way toward bridging the gap between actual and predicted power.

Suggested Citation

  • Westerlund, Joakim & Larsson, Rolf, 2015. "New tools for understanding the local asymptotic power of panel unit root tests," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 188(1), pages 59-93.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:econom:v:188:y:2015:i:1:p:59-93
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.03.043
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Phillips, Peter C B, 1988. "Regression Theory for Near-Integrated Time Series," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 56(5), pages 1021-1043, September.
    2. Moon, Hyungsik R. & Phillips, Peter C.B., 2000. "Estimation Of Autoregressive Roots Near Unity Using Panel Data," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 16(6), pages 927-997, December.
    3. Peter C. B. Phillips & Hyungsik R. Moon, 1999. "Linear Regression Limit Theory for Nonstationary Panel Data," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 67(5), pages 1057-1112, September.
    4. Moon, Hyungsik Roger & Perron, Benoit & Phillips, Peter C.B., 2007. "Incidental trends and the power of panel unit root tests," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 416-459, December.
    5. Westerlund, Joakim & Larsson, Rolf, 2009. "A Note On The Pooling Of Individual Panic Unit Root Tests," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 25(6), pages 1851-1868, December.
    6. Joakim Westerlund & Jörg Breitung, 2013. "Lessons from a Decade of IPS and LLC," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(5-6), pages 547-591, August.
    7. repec:bla:obuest:v:61:y:1999:i:0:p:711-47 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Moon, H.R.Hyungsik Roger & Perron, Benoit, 2004. "Testing for a unit root in panels with dynamic factors," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 122(1), pages 81-126, September.
    9. Jushan Bai & Serena Ng, 2004. "A PANIC Attack on Unit Roots and Cointegration," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 72(4), pages 1127-1177, July.
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    11. Moon, Hyungsik & Phillips, Peter C.B., 1999. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation in Panels with Incidental Trends," University of California at Santa Barbara, Economics Working Paper Series qt3f55r5mj, Department of Economics, UC Santa Barbara.
    12. Moon, H.R. & Perron, B. & Phillips, P.C.B., 2006. "On The Breitung Test For Panel Unit Roots And Local Asymptotic Power," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 22(6), pages 1179-1190, December.
    13. Westerlund, Joakim, 2015. "The power of PANIC," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 185(2), pages 495-509.
    14. Bai, Jushan & Ng, Serena, 2010. "Panel Unit Root Tests With Cross-Section Dependence: A Further Investigation," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 26(4), pages 1088-1114, August.
    15. Gaia Becheri, I. & Drost, Feike C. & Akker, Ramon van den, 2015. "Asymptotically Ump Panel Unit Root Tests—The Effect Of Heterogeneity In The Alternatives," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 31(3), pages 539-559, June.
    16. Rolf Larsson & Johan Lyhagen & Mickael Lothgren, 2001. "Likelihood-based cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 4(1), pages 1-41.
    17. Hyungsik Roger Moon & Benoit Perron, 2008. "Asymptotic local power of pooled t-ratio tests for unit roots in panels with fixed effects," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 11(1), pages 80-104, March.
    18. Levin, Andrew & Lin, Chien-Fu & James Chu, Chia-Shang, 2002. "Unit root tests in panel data: asymptotic and finite-sample properties," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 108(1), pages 1-24, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yiannis Karavias & Elias Tzavalis, 2016. "Local Power of Fixed-T Panel Unit Root Tests With Serially Correlated Errors and Incidental Trends," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 222-239, March.
    2. Norkutė, Milda & Westerlund, Joakim, 2021. "The factor analytical approach in near unit root interactive effects panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 221(2), pages 569-590.
    3. Joakim Westerlund & Milda Norkutė & Ovidijus Stauskas, 2022. "The factor analytical approach in trending near unit root panels," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(3), pages 501-508, May.
    4. Skrobotov, Anton (Скроботов, Антон) & Turuntseva, Marina (Турунцева, Марина), 2017. "Testing the Hypothesis of a Unit Root for Independent Panels [Тестирование Гипотезы О Наличии Единичного Корня Для Независимых Панелей]," Working Papers 021707, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
    5. Xiu Wu & Jinting Zhang & Daojun Zhang, 2021. "Explore Associations between Subjective Well-Being and Eco-Logical Footprints with Fixed Effects Panel Regressions," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-15, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Panel unit root test; Local asymptotic power; Infinite-order approximation; Moment expansion;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models

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