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Estimating natural nitrous oxide emissions from the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau using a process-based model: Historical spatiotemporal patterns and future trends

Author

Listed:
  • Zhang, Kerou
  • Peng, Changhui
  • Zhu, Qiuan
  • Li, Mingxu
  • Yan, Zhongqing
  • Li, Meng
  • Yan, Liang
  • Zhang, Xiaodong
  • Wang, Jinzhi
  • Li, Yong
  • Kang, Enze
  • Song, Hanxiong
  • Kang, Xiaoming

Abstract

Fluctuations in natural nitrous oxide emissions (N2O) are not fully understood, especially on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. In order to characterize the differences in historical N2O variations among different regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and investigate how a warmer and wetter climate change would affect the N2O fluxes over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, a process-based model (TRIPLEX-GHG) has been validated using 14 sites with annual N2O emission fluxes, and is used to estimate the spatiotemporal patterns of natural N2O fluxes, and predict its future trend for the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (the temperature increasing by 1.5 °C and the precipitation increasing by 10%). Considering the model performance evaluation indicators (R2=0.83, rRMSE=44.6%, PBIAS=7.18%), the performance of the model for simulating annual N2O fluxes is “moderate”. The estimated average total natural N2O emissions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1970 to 2017 were 0.313 Tg N yr−1, ranging from 0.305 Tg N yr−1 (1983) to 0.325 Tg N yr−1 (2006). The estimated total natural N2O emissions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau slightly increased from 1970 to 2017, with a mean increase of 0.0002 Tg N yr−1. Between the 1970s and 2010s, most increases in N2O flux were observed in the northern and southeastern regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The area in which the rate of N2O released was greater than 15 µg N m−2 h−1 was mainly found in plateau temperate regions. Regions with relatively high temperatures released more N2O, which indicates that temperature is a dominant factor for N2O emissions in high-altitude regions. Natural N2O emissions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau will increase up to 0.335 Tg N yr−1 (by approximately 6.13%) by 2050 if the climate continues to become warmer and wetter.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Kerou & Peng, Changhui & Zhu, Qiuan & Li, Mingxu & Yan, Zhongqing & Li, Meng & Yan, Liang & Zhang, Xiaodong & Wang, Jinzhi & Li, Yong & Kang, Enze & Song, Hanxiong & Kang, Xiaoming, 2022. "Estimating natural nitrous oxide emissions from the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau using a process-based model: Historical spatiotemporal patterns and future trends," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 466(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:466:y:2022:i:c:s030438002200028x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.109902
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yigang Hu & Zhenhua Zhang & Qi Wang & Shiping Wang & Zhishan Zhang & Zengru Wang & Guangping Xu & Mingyuan Du & Feike A. Dijkstra, 2017. "Variations of N2O fluxes in response to warming and cooling in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 143(1), pages 129-142, July.
    2. Liu, S. & Yang, J.Y. & Zhang, X.Y. & Drury, C.F. & Reynolds, W.D. & Hoogenboom, G., 2013. "Modelling crop yield, soil water content and soil temperature for a soybean–maize rotation under conventional and conservation tillage systems in Northeast China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 32-44.
    3. Norman, Josefine & Jansson, Per-Erik & Farahbakhshazad, Neda & Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus & Li, Changsheng & Klemedtsson, Leif, 2008. "Simulation of NO and N2O emissions from a spruce forest during a freeze/thaw event using an N-flux submodel from the PnET-N-DNDC model integrated to CoupModel," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 216(1), pages 18-30.
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