IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/dyncon/v153y2023ics0165188923001070.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Systemic risk of optioned portfolio: Controllability and optimization

Author

Listed:
  • Pang, Xiaochuan
  • Zhu, Shushang
  • Cui, Xueting
  • Ma, Jiali

Abstract

Diversification plays an important role in financial theory and lays the foundation for financial risk management. However, its role is greatly weakened for the portfolio only containing underlying assets when systemic risk events occur. In this paper, we study portfolio selection against systemic risk from the perspective of individual investors. With the typical systemic risk measure CoVaR, we first demonstrate that the systemic risk of pure stock portfolio can not be well controlled by diversification due to the contagion effect caused by the relatively high correlations between stocks and the seesaw effect caused by distresses of different stocks. Next, we illustrate that the introduction of options into the portfolio can alleviate these two adverse effects and make the systemic risk become controllable. Then, we show that the optimization problem of optioned portfolio can be reformulated as a second-order cone program (SOCP) that allows for efficient computation. Finally, we carry out simulations and empirical tests to illustrate the theoretical findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Pang, Xiaochuan & Zhu, Shushang & Cui, Xueting & Ma, Jiali, 2023. "Systemic risk of optioned portfolio: Controllability and optimization," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:dyncon:v:153:y:2023:i:c:s0165188923001070
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2023.104701
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165188923001070
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jedc.2023.104701?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Longstaff, Francis A & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 2001. "Valuing American Options by Simulation: A Simple Least-Squares Approach," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 14(1), pages 113-147.
    2. Zhu, Minchen & Lv, Dayong & Wu, Wenfeng, 2022. "Market stabilization fund and stock price crash risk: Evidence from the post-crash period," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    3. Paulin, James & Calinescu, Anisoara & Wooldridge, Michael, 2019. "Understanding flash crash contagion and systemic risk: A micro–macro agent-based approach," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 200-229.
    4. Viral V. Acharya & Lasse H. Pedersen & Thomas Philippon & Matthew Richardson, 2017. "Measuring Systemic Risk," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(1), pages 2-47.
    5. Rombouts, Jeroen V.K. & Stentoft, Lars, 2011. "Multivariate option pricing with time varying volatility and correlations," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 2267-2281, September.
    6. Bao, Jack & Hou, Kewei & Zhang, Shaojun, 2023. "Systematic default and return predictability in the stock and bond markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 149(3), pages 349-377.
    7. Matthew Elliott & Benjamin Golub & Matthew O. Jackson, 2014. "Financial Networks and Contagion," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(10), pages 3115-3153, October.
    8. Sylvain Benoit & Jean-Edouard Colliard & Christophe Hurlin & Christophe Pérignon, 2017. "Where the Risks Lie: A Survey on Systemic Risk," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(1), pages 109-152.
    9. Joost Driessen & Pascal Maenhout, 2007. "An Empirical Portfolio Perspective on Option Pricing Anomalies," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 11(4), pages 561-603.
    10. Liu, Jun & Pan, Jun, 2003. "Dynamic derivative strategies," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 401-430, September.
    11. Jianfeng Liang & Shuzhong Zhang & Duan Li, 2008. "Optioned Portfolio Selection: Models And Analysis," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(4), pages 569-593, October.
    12. Girardi, Giulio & Tolga Ergün, A., 2013. "Systemic risk measurement: Multivariate GARCH estimation of CoVaR," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 3169-3180.
    13. Steve Zymler & Daniel Kuhn & Berç Rustem, 2013. "Worst-Case Value at Risk of Nonlinear Portfolios," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 59(1), pages 172-188, July.
    14. Larry Eisenberg & Thomas H. Noe, 2001. "Systemic Risk in Financial Systems," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 47(2), pages 236-249, February.
    15. Glosten, Lawrence R & Jagannathan, Ravi & Runkle, David E, 1993. "On the Relation between the Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(5), pages 1779-1801, December.
    16. Viral Acharya & Robert Engle & Matthew Richardson, 2012. "Capital Shortfall: A New Approach to Ranking and Regulating Systemic Risks," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(3), pages 59-64, May.
    17. Harry Markowitz, 1952. "Portfolio Selection," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 7(1), pages 77-91, March.
    18. Faias, José Afonso & Santa-Clara, Pedro, 2017. "Optimal Option Portfolio Strategies: Deepening the Puzzle of Index Option Mispricing," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 52(1), pages 277-303, February.
    19. Green, Richard C & Hollifield, Burton, 1992. "When Will Mean-Variance Efficient Portfolios Be Well Diversified?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 47(5), pages 1785-1809, December.
    20. Christian Brownlees & Robert F. Engle, 2017. "SRISK: A Conditional Capital Shortfall Measure of Systemic Risk," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(1), pages 48-79.
    21. Laurent El Ghaoui & Maksim Oks & Francois Oustry, 2003. "Worst-Case Value-At-Risk and Robust Portfolio Optimization: A Conic Programming Approach," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 51(4), pages 543-556, August.
    22. repec:bla:jfinan:v:59:y:2004:i:6:p:2809-2834 is not listed on IDEAS
    23. Mark Britten-Jones & Stephen M. Schaefer, 1999. "Non-Linear Value-at-Risk," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 2(2), pages 161-187.
    24. Alexander, S. & Coleman, T.F. & Li, Y., 2006. "Minimizing CVaR and VaR for a portfolio of derivatives," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 583-605, February.
    25. Black, Fischer & Scholes, Myron S, 1973. "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(3), pages 637-654, May-June.
    26. Jin‐Chuan Duan, 1995. "The Garch Option Pricing Model," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(1), pages 13-32, January.
    27. Almira Biglova & Sergio Ortobelli & Frank J Fabozzi, 2014. "Portfolio selection in the presence of systemic risk," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 15(5), pages 285-299, October.
    28. Chang, Xin & Chen, Yangyang & Zolotoy, Leon, 2017. "Stock Liquidity and Stock Price Crash Risk," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 52(4), pages 1605-1637, August.
    29. Longstaff, Francis A & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 2001. "Valuing American Options by Simulation: A Simple Least-Squares Approach," University of California at Los Angeles, Anderson Graduate School of Management qt43n1k4jb, Anderson Graduate School of Management, UCLA.
    30. Ser-Huang Poon, 2004. "Extreme Value Dependence in Financial Markets: Diagnostics, Models, and Financial Implications," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 17(2), pages 581-610.
    31. Zhu, Shushang & Zhu, Wei & Pei, Xi & Cui, Xueting, 2020. "Hedging crash risk in optimal portfolio selection," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiaochuan Pang & Shushang Zhu & Xueting Cui & Jiali Ma, 2022. "Systemic Risk of Optioned Portfolios: Controllability and Optimization," Papers 2209.04685, arXiv.org.
    2. Zhu, Shushang & Zhu, Wei & Pei, Xi & Cui, Xueting, 2020. "Hedging crash risk in optimal portfolio selection," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    3. Peter Grundke, 2019. "Ranking consistency of systemic risk measures: a simulation-based analysis in a banking network model," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 953-990, May.
    4. Denisa Banulescu-Radu & Christophe Hurlin & Jérémy Leymarie & Olivier Scaillet, 2021. "Backtesting Marginal Expected Shortfall and Related Systemic Risk Measures," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(9), pages 5730-5754, September.
    5. Spiros Bougheas & Adam Hal Spencer, 2022. "Fire sales and ex ante valuation of systemic risk: A financial equilibrium networks approach," Discussion Papers 2022/04, University of Nottingham, Centre for Finance, Credit and Macroeconomics (CFCM).
    6. Jondeau, Eric & Khalilzadeh, Amir, 2022. "Predicting the stressed expected loss of large U.S. banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    7. Pham, Thach N. & Powell, Robert & Bannigidadmath, Deepa, 2021. "Systemically important banks in Asian emerging markets: Evidence from four systemic risk measures," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    8. Markus K. Brunnermeier & Patrick Cheridito, 2019. "Measuring and Allocating Systemic Risk," Risks, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-19, April.
    9. Cui, Xueting & Zhu, Shushang & Sun, Xiaoling & Li, Duan, 2013. "Nonlinear portfolio selection using approximate parametric Value-at-Risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2124-2139.
    10. Nong, Huifu & Yu, Ziliang & Li, Yang, 2024. "Financial shock transmission in China's banking and housing sectors: A network analysis," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 701-723.
    11. Caporin, Massimiliano & Garcia-Jorcano, Laura & Jimenez-Martin, Juan-Angel, 2021. "TrAffic LIght system for systemic Stress: TALIS3," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    12. Antonio Di Cesare & Anna Rogantini Picco, 2018. "A Survey of Systemic Risk Indicators," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 458, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    13. Martin Waltz & Abhay Kumar Singh & Ostap Okhrin, 2022. "Vulnerability-CoVaR: investigating the crypto-market," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(9), pages 1731-1745, September.
    14. Lorenzo Frattarolo & Francesca Parpinel & Claudio Pizzi, 2020. "Combining permutation tests to rank systemically important banks," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 29(3), pages 581-596, September.
    15. Jiajia, Liu & Kun, Guo & Fangcheng, Tang & Yahan, Wang & Shouyang, Wang, 2023. "The effect of the disposal of non-performing loans on interbank liquidity risk in China: A cash flow network-based analysis," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 105-119.
    16. Rahman, Md Lutfur & Troster, Victor & Uddin, Gazi Salah & Yahya, Muhammad, 2022. "Systemic risk contribution of banks and non-bank financial institutions across frequencies: The Australian experience," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    17. Hyun Jin Jang & Kiseop Lee & Kyungsub Lee, 2020. "Systemic risk in market microstructure of crude oil and gasoline futures prices: A Hawkes flocking model approach," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(2), pages 247-275, February.
    18. Leroy, Aurélien & Lucotte, Yannick, 2017. "Is there a competition-stability trade-off in European banking?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 199-215.
    19. Robert F. Engle & Emil N. Siriwardane, 2018. "Structural GARCH: The Volatility-Leverage Connection," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 31(2), pages 449-492.
    20. Stentoft, Lars, 2005. "Pricing American options when the underlying asset follows GARCH processes," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 576-611, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:dyncon:v:153:y:2023:i:c:s0165188923001070. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jedc .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.