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Who gets services and who does not? Multi-level approach to the decision for ongoing child welfare or referral to specialized services

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  • Jud, A.
  • Fallon, B.
  • Trocmé, N.

Abstract

Surprisingly little is known on the decisions to provide services after a report is investigated. To fill this gap the study aims at identifying factors associated with the decision to provide ongoing child welfare services or to refer to specialized services following the investigation of the report. A multi-level analysis was applied to a representative sample of 15,980 investigations nested within 111 agencies throughout Canada. In almost 60% of cases some type of service was offered. Several case characteristics indicating a need for support such as having child or caregiver functioning issues, few social supports, teen parenting and low socioeconomic status were significantly associated with the odds of receiving services. Being identified with any type of substantiated or suspected maltreatment increased the likelihood of services compared to other types and unsubstantiated investigations. The impact of risk investigations on service referrals was striking. Caregiver and household concerns seem to drive decisions as much as if not more as substantiation status yielding further support for the implementation of an alternative response track beside the investigative track. Although there was remarkable variation in service referral rates between agencies, factors accounting for that difference remained largely unexplained.

Suggested Citation

  • Jud, A. & Fallon, B. & Trocmé, N., 2012. "Who gets services and who does not? Multi-level approach to the decision for ongoing child welfare or referral to specialized services," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 983-988.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:34:y:2012:i:5:p:983-988
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.01.030
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    1. Drake, Brett & Lee, Sang Moo & Jonson-Reid, Melissa, 2009. "Race and child maltreatment reporting: Are Blacks overrepresented?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 309-316, March.
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    5. Kim, Hansung & Chenot, David & Ji, Juye, 2011. "Racial/ethnic disparity in child welfare systems: A longitudinal study utilizing the Disparity Index (DI)," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(7), pages 1234-1244, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Skrypek, Margaret & Woodmass, Kyler & Rockymore, Maxie & Johnson, Geoff & Wells, Susan J., 2017. "Examining the potential for racial disparity in out-of-home placement decisions: A qualitative matched-pair study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 127-137.
    2. King, Bryn & Black, Tara & Fallon, Barbara & Lung, Yu, 2021. "The role of risk in child welfare decision-making: A prospective cohort examination of families transferred to ongoing child protection services after an investigation," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    3. Woodmass, Kyler & Weisberg, Sanford & Shlomi, Hilla & Rockymore, Maxie & Wells, Susan J., 2017. "Examining the potential for racial disparity in out-of-home placement decisions: A quantitative matched-pair study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 96-109.
    4. Fuller, Tamara & Nieto, Martin, 2014. "Child welfare services and risk of child maltreatment rereports: Do services ameliorate initial risk?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(P1), pages 46-54.
    5. Euser, Saskia & Alink, Lenneke R.A. & Tharner, Anne & van IJzendoorn, Marinus H. & Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., 2014. "Out of home placement to promote safety? The prevalence of physical abuse in residential and foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 64-70.
    6. O'Leary, Donna & Christie, Alistair & Perry, Ivan J. & Khashan, Ali S, 2024. "Determinants of receiving child protection and welfare services following initial assessment: A cross-sectional study from the Republic of Ireland," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    7. Sinha, Vandna & Ellenbogen, Stephen & Trocmé, Nico, 2013. "Substantiating neglect of first nations and non-aboriginal children," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 2080-2090.
    8. Weber, Sabine & Landolt, Markus A. & Maier, Thomas & Mohler-Kuo, Meichun & Schnyder, Ulrich & Jud, Andreas, 2017. "Psychotherapeutic care for sexually-victimized children – Do service providers meet the need? Multilevel analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 165-172.
    9. Smith, Carrie & Fluke, John D. & Fallon, Barbara & Mishna, Faye & Decker Pierce, Barbara, 2017. "Role specialization and service integration in child welfare: Does organizational structure influence the decision to refer to supportive services?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 139-148.

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