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Changes in Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS) scores over time: A systematic review

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  • Sokol, Rebeccah L.
  • Li, Juliann
  • Victor, Bryan G.
  • Miller, Alison L.
  • Ryan, Joseph P.
  • Perron, Brian E.

Abstract

The Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS) is an assessment tool that child-serving settings have used with children and their families to identify areas for intervention and monitor service outcomes over time. Despite its widespread application, the field knows little about how children’s CANS scores change over time in settings that provide CANS-informed services. The current study systematically reviewed changes in CANS scores over time in the existing longitudinal services research. Seven studies met inclusion criteria, and these studies assessed a total of 11 CANS domains: Problems, Risk Behaviors, Functioning, Mental Health, Traumatic Stress Symptoms, Behavioral/Emotional Needs, Acculturation, Externalizing, Child Strengths, Care Intensity, Caregiver Strengths, and Caregiver Needs and Strengths. Overall, the existing evidence on longitudinal CANS applications is limited. Scores within three CANS domains–Risk Behaviors, Functioning, and Child Strengths–improved over time in five of the seven studies. For the majority of CANS domains, however, there was little to no evidence for improvement over time following CANS-informed services. We discuss implications for practice and future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Sokol, Rebeccah L. & Li, Juliann & Victor, Bryan G. & Miller, Alison L. & Ryan, Joseph P. & Perron, Brian E., 2020. "Changes in Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS) scores over time: A systematic review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:112:y:2020:i:c:s0190740919314525
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104917
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jaudes, Paula K. & Weil, Lindsey E.G. & Prior, Jennifer M. & Sharp, Douglas P & Holzberg, Mark & McClelland, Gary M., 2016. "Wellbeing of children and adolescents with special health care needs in the child welfare system," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 276-283.
    2. Williams-Butler, Abigail, 2018. "Reducing delinquency among African American youth in foster care: Does gender make a difference in crossover prevention?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 563-571.
    3. Weiner, Dana A. & Schneider, Alison & Lyons, John S., 2009. "Evidence-based treatments for trauma among culturally diverse foster care youth: Treatment retention and outcomes," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(11), pages 1199-1205, November.
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    1. Cross, Theodore P. & Tran, Steve P. & Betteridge, Eliza & Hjertquist, Robert & Spinelli, Tawny & Prior, Jennifer & Jordan, Neil, 2021. "The relationship of needs assessed at entry into out-of-home care to children and youth’s later emotional and behavioral problems in care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    2. Childs, Kristina K. & Bryson, Sara L. & Soderstrom, Melanie F.P. & Reed, April, 2024. "An Assessment of the Internal Structure of the Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS) Using Two Samples of High-Risk Adolescents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).

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