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Roots lattice hierarchies of exceptional Lie symmetry groups and the elementary particles content of the standard model

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  • El Naschie, M.S.

Abstract

We review ‘t Hooft’s counting of elementary particles of the standard model then extend it in the light of a new interpretation gained from a hierarchy of roots system belonging to the exceptional Lie symmetry groups. The final result, namely 69 particles is confirmed using Ji-Huan He’s 6 and 10 dimensional hypercube.

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  • El Naschie, M.S., 2008. "Roots lattice hierarchies of exceptional Lie symmetry groups and the elementary particles content of the standard model," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 684-687.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:35:y:2008:i:4:p:684-687
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2007.07.084
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    1. He, Ji-Huan & Xu, Lan & Zhang, Li-Na & Wu, Xu-Hong, 2007. "Twenty-six dimensional polytope and high energy spacetime physics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 5-13.
    2. El Naschie, M.S., 2007. "Hilbert space, Poincaré dodecahedron and golden mean transfiniteness," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 787-793.
    3. El Naschie, M.S., 2005. "Determining the number of Higgs particles starting from general relativity and various other field theories," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 711-726.
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    1. El Naschie, M.S., 2008. "Eliminating gauge anomalies via a “point-less” fractal Yang–Mills theory," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 1332-1335.
    2. Naschie, M.S. El, 2008. "The standard model physical degrees of freedom interpretation of the electromagnetic fine structure coupling α¯o≃1/137," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 609-611.
    3. Marek-Crnjac, L., 2008. "From Arthur Cayley via Felix Klein, Sophus Lie, Wilhelm Killing, Elie Cartan, Emmy Noether and superstrings to Cantorian space–time," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1279-1288.

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