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How much gas can we get from grass?

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  • Nizami, A.S.
  • Orozco, A.
  • Groom, E.
  • Dieterich, B.
  • Murphy, J.D.

Abstract

Grass biomethane has been shown to be a sustainable gaseous transport biofuel, with a good energy balance, and significant potential for economic viability. Of issue for the designer is the variation in characteristics of the grass depending on location of source, time of cut and species. Further confusion arises from the biomethane potential tests (BMP) which have a tendency to give varying results. This paper has dual ambitions. One of these is to highlight the various results for biomethane potential that may be obtained from the same grass silage. The results indicated that methane potential from the same grass silage varied from 350 to 493L CH4 kg−1 VS added for three different BMP procedures. The second ambition is to attempt to compare two distinct digestion systems again using the same grass: a two stage continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR); and a sequentially fed leach bed reactor connected to an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (SLBR–UASB). The two engineered systems were designed, fabricated, commissioned and operated at small pilot scale until stable optimal operating conditions were reached. The CSTR system achieved 451L CH4 kg−1 VS added over a 50day retention period. The SLBR–UASB achieved 341L CH4 kg−1 VS added at a 30day retention time.

Suggested Citation

  • Nizami, A.S. & Orozco, A. & Groom, E. & Dieterich, B. & Murphy, J.D., 2012. "How much gas can we get from grass?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 783-790.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:92:y:2012:i:c:p:783-790
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.08.033
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    1. Asam, Zaki-ul-Zaman & Poulsen, Tjalfe Gorm & Nizami, Abdul-Sattar & Rafique, Rashad & Kiely, Ger & Murphy, Jerry D., 2011. "How can we improve biomethane production per unit of feedstock in biogas plants?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(6), pages 2013-2018, June.
    2. Singh, Anoop & Nizami, Abdul-Sattar & Korres, Nicholas E. & Murphy, Jerry D., 2011. "The effect of reactor design on the sustainability of grass biomethane," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 1567-1574, April.
    3. Rafique, Rashad & Poulsen, Tjalfe Gorm & Nizami, Abdul-Sattar & Asam, Zaki-ul-Zaman & Murphy, Jerry D. & Kiely, Gerard, 2010. "Effect of thermal, chemical and thermo-chemical pre-treatments to enhance methane production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 4556-4561.
    4. Smyth, Beatrice M. & Murphy, Jerry D. & O'Brien, Catherine M., 2009. "What is the energy balance of grass biomethane in Ireland and other temperate northern European climates?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(9), pages 2349-2360, December.
    5. Nizami, Abdul-Sattar & Murphy, Jerry D., 2010. "What type of digester configurations should be employed to produce biomethane from grass silage?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(6), pages 1558-1568, August.
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    2. Egle Gusciute & Ger Devlin & Fionnuala Murphy & Kevin McDonnell, 2014. "Transport sector in Ireland: can 2020 national policy targets drive indigenous biofuel production to success?," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(3), pages 310-322, May.
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    10. Browne, James D. & Murphy, Jerry D., 2013. "Assessment of the resource associated with biomethane from food waste," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 170-177.
    11. Alessandro Chiumenti & Andrea Pezzuolo & Davide Boscaro & Francesco da Borso, 2019. "Exploitation of Mowed Grass from Green Areas by Means of Anaerobic Digestion: Effects of Grass Conservation Methods (Drying and Ensiling) on Biogas and Biomethane Yield," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-11, August.
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    14. Aaron E. Brown & James M. Hammerton & Miller Alonso Camargo-Valero & Andrew B. Ross, 2022. "Integration of Hydrothermal Carbonisation and Anaerobic Digestion for the Energy Valorisation of Grass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-21, May.
    15. Ouda, O.K.M. & Raza, S.A. & Nizami, A.S. & Rehan, M. & Al-Waked, R. & Korres, N.E., 2016. "Waste to energy potential: A case study of Saudi Arabia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 328-340.
    16. Jing Hou & Bo Hou, 2019. "Farmers’ Adoption of Low-Carbon Agriculture in China: An Extended Theory of the Planned Behavior Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-20, March.
    17. Li, Demao & Tang, Ruohao & Yu, Liang & Chen, Limei & Chen, Shulin & Xu, Song & Gao, Feng, 2020. "Effects of increasing organic loading rates on reactor performance and the methanogenic community in a new pilot upflow solid reactor for continuously processing food waste," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 420-429.
    18. Alessandro Chiumenti & Davide Boscaro & Francesco Da Borso & Luigi Sartori & Andrea Pezzuolo, 2018. "Biogas from Fresh Spring and Summer Grass: Effect of the Harvesting Period," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-13, June.
    19. Giovanni Ferrari & Andrea Pezzuolo & Abdul-Sattar Nizami & Francesco Marinello, 2020. "Bibliometric Analysis of Trends in Biomass for Bioenergy Research," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-21, July.
    20. Nolan, P. & Luostarinen, S. & Doyle, E.M. & O'Kiely, P., 2016. "Anaerobic digestion of perennial ryegrass prepared by cryogenic freezing versus thermal drying methods, using contrasting in vitro batch digestion systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 273-278.
    21. Raposo, F. & Borja, R. & Ibelli-Bianco, C., 2020. "Predictive regression models for biochemical methane potential tests of biomass samples: Pitfalls and challenges of laboratory measurements," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    22. Thamsiriroj, T. & Nizami, A.S. & Murphy, J.D., 2012. "Why does mono-digestion of grass silage fail in long term operation?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 64-76.

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