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The power balancing benefits of wave energy converters in offshore wind-wave farms with energy storage

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  • Kluger, Jocelyn M.
  • Haji, Maha N.
  • Slocum, Alexander H.

Abstract

With many countries planning to significantly increase grid renewable energy penetration levels, we consider the role of wave energy in supply–demand matching. We investigate how incorporating wave power into an offshore wind farm affects farm power predictability, smoothness, required energy storage capacity, and cost. In this paper, we do a first-order cost analysis of an offshore farm comprised of floating wind turbines and wave energy converters that are both standalone and combined and onshore compressed air energy storage. Then, we do a parameter sweep investigation of an isolated power network supplied by varied grid renewable energy penetration levels supplemented by natural gas, varied distribution of renewable energy between wind and wave power, and varied power capacity of a compressed air energy storage system supplying power to a shoreline community. For each parameter set, we consider the historical hourly electricity demand and wind-sea data of a coastal California community over a year, and optimize the energy storage schedule to reduce curtailed power, stored energy, and base gas plant operational cost. We show that a co-located wind-wave farm has smoother power supply, less energy curtailment, and higher farm-to-grid efficiency than a solely wind farm. That is, a 50%–50% wind-wave farm has a 15% smaller coefficient of variation in the power supply, 6% less curtailed power, and 2% higher farm-grid efficiency than a 100% wind farm when the grid is 100% renewable energy. These benefits of wave power potentially decrease the need for interconnecting regional transmission lines to match power supply with demand. The intent of this paper is to provide baseline system technical results to help future researchers and policy makers make decisions about offshore hybrid wind-wave-storage farms.

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  • Kluger, Jocelyn M. & Haji, Maha N. & Slocum, Alexander H., 2023. "The power balancing benefits of wave energy converters in offshore wind-wave farms with energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:331:y:2023:i:c:s0306261922016464
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120389
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    3. Liu, Zhan & Ding, Jialu & Huang, Xinyu & Liu, Zhengguang & Yan, Xuewen & Liu, Xianglei & Yang, Xiaohu, 2024. "Analysis of a hybrid heat and underwater compressed air energy storage system used at coastal areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 354(PA).
    4. Yi Zhang & Dapeng Zhang & Haoyu Jiang, 2023. "A Review of Offshore Wind and Wave Installations in Some Areas with an Eye towards Generating Economic Benefits and Offering Commercial Inspiration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-32, May.
    5. Chen, Guo & Kuang, Rao & Li, Wen & Cui, Kunpeng & Fu, Deran & Yang, Zecheng & Liu, Zhenfei & Huang, Heyi & Yu, Mingqi & Shen, Yijun, 2024. "Numerical study on efficiency and robustness of wave energy converter-power take-off system for compressed air energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    6. Neshat, Mehdi & Sergiienko, Nataliia Y. & Nezhad, Meysam Majidi & da Silva, Leandro S.P. & Amini, Erfan & Marsooli, Reza & Astiaso Garcia, Davide & Mirjalili, Seyedali, 2024. "Enhancing the performance of hybrid wave-wind energy systems through a fast and adaptive chaotic multi-objective swarm optimisation method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    7. O'Connell, Ross & Kamidelivand, Mitra & Furlong, Rebecca & Guerrini, Marco & Cullinane, Margaret & Murphy, Jimmy, 2024. "An advanced geospatial assessment of the Levelised cost of energy (LCOE) for wave farms in Irish and western UK waters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    8. Gao, Qiang & Bechlenberg, Alva & Jayawardhana, Bayu & Ertugrul, Nesimi & Vakis, Antonis I. & Ding, Boyin, 2024. "Techno-economic assessment of offshore wind and hybrid wind–wave farms with energy storage systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).

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