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A techno-economic assessment on the adoption of latent heat thermal energy storage systems for district cooling optimal dispatch & operations

Author

Listed:
  • Mazzoni, Stefano
  • Sze, Jia Yin
  • Nastasi, Benedetto
  • Ooi, Sean
  • Desideri, Umberto
  • Romagnoli, Alessandro

Abstract

The adoption of high-density phase change materials as cold thermal energy storage media have been considered as potential alternatives to water and ice. In this paper, the implementation of these media has been investigated in the context of district cooling in mixed-used building micro-grids whereby the cold thermal energy storage is retrofitted into an existing eco-building cluster. The techno-economic feasibility of implementing phase change materials, which includes eutectic salt, polyethylene glycol and paraffin as cold thermal energy storage media for district cooling, have been evaluated by computing the economic dispatch of a cooling bus network using mixed-integer quadratic programming. Furthermore, the impact of high-density storage media with a reduced footprint on the integration and design of cold thermal energy storage systems in district cooling has been included in the analysis. The capital expenditure of cold thermal energy storage systems, the land rental price for required occupancy and operating expenditure are used to determine the net present value after 20 years. Through peak shaving, optimally sized cold thermal energy storage has shown a better alternative substituting one of the two chillers. The smaller chiller (1200 kWc) is no longer required in the plant, giving significant savings in capital expenditure. The cost-benefit analysis also showed that only eutectic salt phase change materials are competitive with ice, with a net present value approaching 200,000 $ after 20 years. When phase change materials are adopted, especially if compared with water, the building operations and related costs are significantly less affected by large fluctuations in land rental price given its smaller footprint, thus posing significantly lower financial risks.

Suggested Citation

  • Mazzoni, Stefano & Sze, Jia Yin & Nastasi, Benedetto & Ooi, Sean & Desideri, Umberto & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2021. "A techno-economic assessment on the adoption of latent heat thermal energy storage systems for district cooling optimal dispatch & operations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:289:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921001793
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116646
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Heine, Karl & Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar & Deru, Michael, 2023. "Optimizing mixed cool thermal storage systems across a connected community," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    2. Zheng, Nan & Zhang, Hanfei & Duan, Liqiang & Wang, Xiaomeng & Liu, Luyao, 2022. "Energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis and optimization of a novel partially covered parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal collector based on life cycle method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1573-1588.
    3. Li Peng & Longfu Luo & Jingyu Yang & Wanting Li, 2024. "A Wind Power Fluctuation Smoothing Control Strategy for Energy Storage Systems Considering the State of Charge," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-20, June.
    4. Huang, Z.F. & Soh, K.Y. & Wan, Y.D. & Islam, M.R. & Chua, K.J., 2022. "Assessment of an intermediate working medium and cold energy storage (IWM-CES) system for LNG cold energy utilization under real regasification case," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    5. Rocha, Thiago Torres Martins & Teggar, Mohamed & Trevizoli, Paulo Vinicius & de Oliveira, Raphael Nunes, 2023. "Potential of latent thermal energy storage for performance improvement in small-scale refrigeration units: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    6. Liu, Liu & Niu, Jianlei & Wu, Jian-Yong, 2023. "Improving energy efficiency of photovoltaic/thermal systems by cooling with PCM nano-emulsions: An indoor experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 568-582.
    7. Castilla Manuel V. & Martin Francisco, 2021. "A Powerful Tool for Optimal Control of Energy Systems in Sustainable Buildings: Distortion Power Bivector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-17, April.
    8. Hongwei Li & Xingmin Li & Siyu Chen & Shuaibing Li & Yongqiang Kang & Xiping Ma, 2024. "Low-Carbon Optimal Scheduling of Integrated Energy System Considering Multiple Uncertainties and Electricity–Heat Integrated Demand Response," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-20, January.
    9. Filip Vrbanc & Mario Vašak & Vinko Lešić, 2023. "Simple and Accurate Model of Thermal Storage with Phase Change Material Tailored for Model Predictive Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-18, September.
    10. Ahmed, Ijaz & Rehan, Muhammad & Basit, Abdul & Malik, Saddam Hussain & Alvi, Um-E-Habiba & Hong, Keum-Shik, 2022. "Multi-area economic emission dispatch for large-scale multi-fueled power plants contemplating inter-connected grid tie-lines power flow limitations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    11. Heine, Karl & Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar & Deru, Michael, 2021. "Design and dispatch optimization of packaged ice storage systems within a connected community," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    12. Tafone, Alessio & Raj Thangavelu, Sundar & Morita, Shigenori & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2023. "Design optimization of a novel cryo-polygeneration demonstrator developed in Singapore – Techno-economic feasibility study for a cooling dominated tropical climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(PB).
    13. Zheng, Nan & Zhang, Hanfei & Duan, Liqiang & Wang, Qiushi & Bischi, Aldo & Desideri, Umberto, 2023. "Techno-economic analysis of a novel solar-driven PEMEC-SOFC-based multi-generation system coupled parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal collector and thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).

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