IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v268y2020ics0306261920304876.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Planar-type thermally chargeable supercapacitor without an effective heat sink and performance variations with layer thickness and operation conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Abdul Mageeth, Aqeel Mohammed
  • Park, SungJin
  • Jeong, Myunghwan
  • Kim, Woochul
  • Yu, Choongho

Abstract

Thermally chargeable supercapacitor (TCSC) is a good candidate for simultaneous energy harvesting and storage in wearable and internet-of-things (IoT) electronic devices. Here we report planar-type TCSC made of graphene oxide layers intercalated with sulfate ions (SGO) acting as electrolytes/separators and reduced SGO layers (rSGO) as electrodes. The planar type configuration has advantage in creating a large temperature difference but the amount of charge or current is limited due to the relatively small cross sectional area. In addition, this type of thermal energy harvesters often suffer from a small temperature difference due to the large thermal resistance of ambient air when heat is not rigorously removed by a heat sink or/and forced convection. Here, we tested the performance of TCSC without an effective heat sink when the thickness of the SGO layer was increased along with different concentration of sulfuric acid and humidity. It was found that thicker SGO and higher humidity resulted in higher capacitance. The thermopower of TCSC was measured to be high (4.53 mV/K) under 50% relative humidity environment, and time-dependent energy harvesting by thermal charging and then energy usage by electrical discharging have been demonstrated. Temperature distributions in TCSC mounted on a forearm were simulated when the convective heat transfer coefficients on TCSC and skin as well as heat conduction through TCSC are altered. Under higher (or lower) convective heat transfer conditions considering the thermal contact resistance between TCSC and skin, it is advantageous to have higher (or lower) heat conduction through TCSC for larger temperature gradients across TCSC. Temperature distribution in TCSC was also experimentally tested, demonstrating that it is feasible to maintain a temperature difference of ~4 °C across TCSC and an output voltage of ~20 mV. The experimental outcomes could provide insight for harvesting thermal energy for wearable and distributed electronics without an effective heat sink in practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Mageeth, Aqeel Mohammed & Park, SungJin & Jeong, Myunghwan & Kim, Woochul & Yu, Choongho, 2020. "Planar-type thermally chargeable supercapacitor without an effective heat sink and performance variations with layer thickness and operation conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:268:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920304876
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114975
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920304876
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114975?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kim, Choong Sun & Lee, Gyu Soup & Choi, Hyeongdo & Kim, Yong Jun & Yang, Hyeong Man & Lim, Se Hwan & Lee, Sang-Gug & Cho, Byung Jin, 2018. "Structural design of a flexible thermoelectric power generator for wearable applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 131-138.
    2. Park, Hwanjoo & Eom, Yoomin & Lee, Dongkeon & Kim, Jiyong & Kim, Hoon & Park, Gimin & Kim, Woochul, 2019. "High power output based on watch-strap-shaped body heat harvester using bulk thermoelectric materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    3. Eom, Yoomin & Wijethunge, Dimuthu & Park, Hwanjoo & Park, Sang Hyun & Kim, Woochul, 2017. "Flexible thermoelectric power generation system based on rigid inorganic bulk materials," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 649-656.
    4. Suarez, Francisco & Parekh, Dishit P. & Ladd, Collin & Vashaee, Daryoosh & Dickey, Michael D. & Öztürk, Mehmet C., 2017. "Flexible thermoelectric generator using bulk legs and liquid metal interconnects for wearable electronics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 736-745.
    5. Lee, Dongkeon & Park, Hwanjoo & Park, Gimin & Kim, Jiyong & Kim, Hoon & Cho, Hanki & Han, Seungwoo & Kim, Woochul, 2019. "Liquid-metal-electrode-based compact, flexible, and high-power thermoelectric device," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Park, Gimin & Kim, Jiyong & Woo, Seungjai & Yu, Jinwoo & Khan, Salman & Kim, Sang Kyu & Lee, Hotaik & Lee, Soyoung & Kwon, Boksoon & Kim, Woochul, 2022. "Modeling heat transfer in humans for body heat harvesting and personal thermal management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liang, Jia & Huang, Muzhang & Zhang, Xuefei & Wan, Chunlei, 2022. "Structural design for wearable self-powered thermoelectric modules with efficient temperature difference utilization and high normalized maximum power density," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    2. Lv, Jin-Ran & Ma, Jin-Lei & Dai, Lu & Yin, Tao & He, Zhi-Zhu, 2022. "A high-performance wearable thermoelectric generator with comprehensive optimization of thermal resistance and voltage boosting conversion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    3. Nozariasbmarz, Amin & Collins, Henry & Dsouza, Kelvin & Polash, Mobarak Hossain & Hosseini, Mahshid & Hyland, Melissa & Liu, Jie & Malhotra, Abhishek & Ortiz, Francisco Matos & Mohaddes, Farzad & Rame, 2020. "Review of wearable thermoelectric energy harvesting: From body temperature to electronic systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    4. Sijing Zhu & Zheng Fan & Baoquan Feng & Runze Shi & Zexin Jiang & Ying Peng & Jie Gao & Lei Miao & Kunihito Koumoto, 2022. "Review on Wearable Thermoelectric Generators: From Devices to Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-27, May.
    5. Yuan, Jinfeng & Zhu, Rong, 2020. "A fully self-powered wearable monitoring system with systematically optimized flexible thermoelectric generator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    6. Lee, Dongkeon & Park, Hwanjoo & Park, Gimin & Kim, Jiyong & Kim, Hoon & Cho, Hanki & Han, Seungwoo & Kim, Woochul, 2019. "Liquid-metal-electrode-based compact, flexible, and high-power thermoelectric device," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    7. Sargolzaeiaval, Yasaman & Padmanabhan Ramesh, Viswanath & Neumann, Taylor V. & Misra, Veena & Vashaee, Daryoosh & Dickey, Michael D. & Öztürk, Mehmet C., 2020. "Flexible thermoelectric generators for body heat harvesting – Enhanced device performance using high thermal conductivity elastomer encapsulation on liquid metal interconnects," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    8. Fan, Zeng & Zhang, Yaoyun & Pan, Lujun & Ouyang, Jianyong & Zhang, Qian, 2021. "Recent developments in flexible thermoelectrics: From materials to devices," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    9. Park, Hwanjoo & Eom, Yoomin & Lee, Dongkeon & Kim, Jiyong & Kim, Hoon & Park, Gimin & Kim, Woochul, 2019. "High power output based on watch-strap-shaped body heat harvester using bulk thermoelectric materials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    10. Park, Gimin & Kim, Jiyong & Woo, Seungjai & Yu, Jinwoo & Khan, Salman & Kim, Sang Kyu & Lee, Hotaik & Lee, Soyoung & Kwon, Boksoon & Kim, Woochul, 2022. "Modeling heat transfer in humans for body heat harvesting and personal thermal management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    11. Fan, Shifa & Gao, Yuanwen & Rezania, Alireza, 2021. "Thermoelectric performance and stress analysis on wearable thermoelectric generator under bending load," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 581-595.
    12. Kim, Choong Sun & Lee, Gyu Soup & Choi, Hyeongdo & Kim, Yong Jun & Yang, Hyeong Man & Lim, Se Hwan & Lee, Sang-Gug & Cho, Byung Jin, 2018. "Structural design of a flexible thermoelectric power generator for wearable applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 131-138.
    13. Liu, Shuang & Hu, Bingkun & Liu, Dawei & Li, Fu & Li, Jing-Feng & Li, Bo & Li, Liangliang & Lin, Yuan-Hua & Nan, Ce-Wen, 2018. "Micro-thermoelectric generators based on through glass pillars with high output voltage enabled by large temperature difference," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 600-610.
    14. Lee, Gyusoup & Kim, Choong Sun & Kim, Seongho & Kim, Yong Jun & Choi, Hyeongdo & Cho, Byung Jin, 2019. "Flexible heatsink based on a phase-change material for a wearable thermoelectric generator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 12-18.
    15. Kong, Deyue & Zhu, Wei & Guo, Zhanpeng & Deng, Yuan, 2019. "High-performance flexible Bi2Te3 films based wearable thermoelectric generator for energy harvesting," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 292-299.
    16. Lineykin, Simon & Maslah, Kareem & Kuperman, Alon, 2020. "Manufacturer-data-only-based modeling and optimized design of thermoelectric harvesters operating at low temperature gradients," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    17. Wei, Haoxiang & Zhang, Jian & Han, Yang & Xu, Dongyan, 2022. "Soft-covered wearable thermoelectric device for body heat harvesting and on-skin cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    18. Wang, Yancheng & Shi, Yaoguang & Mei, Deqing & Chen, Zichen, 2018. "Wearable thermoelectric generator to harvest body heat for powering a miniaturized accelerometer," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 690-698.
    19. Goswami, Rohtash & Das, Ranjan, 2020. "Waste heat recovery from a biomass heat engine for thermoelectric power generation using two-phase thermosyphons," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 1280-1291.
    20. Yuan, Zicheng & Tang, Xiaobin & Xu, Zhiheng & Li, Junqin & Chen, Wang & Liu, Kai & Liu, Yunpeng & Zhang, Zhengrong, 2018. "Screen-printed radial structure micro radioisotope thermoelectric generator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 746-754.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:268:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920304876. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.