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Large-scale optimal control of interconnected natural gas and electrical transmission systems

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  • Chiang, Nai-Yuan
  • Zavala, Victor M.

Abstract

We present a detailed optimal control model that captures spatiotemporal interactions between gas and electric transmission networks. We use the model to study flexibility and economic opportunities provided by coordination. A large-scale case study in the Illinois system reveals that coordination can enable the delivery of significantly larger amounts of natural gas to the power grid. In particular, under a coordinated setting, gas-fired generators act as distributed demand response resources that can be controlled by the gas pipeline operator. This enables more efficient control of pressures and flows in space and time and overcomes delivery bottlenecks. We demonstrate that the additional flexibility not only can benefit the gas operator but can also lead to more efficient power grid operations and results in increased revenue for gas-fired power plants. We also use the optimal control model to analyze computational issues arising in these complex models. We demonstrate that the interconnected Illinois system with full physical resolution gives rise to a highly nonlinear optimal control problem with 4400 differential and algebraic equations and 1040 controls that can be solved with a state-of-the-art sparse optimization solver.

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  • Chiang, Nai-Yuan & Zavala, Victor M., 2016. "Large-scale optimal control of interconnected natural gas and electrical transmission systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 226-235.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:168:y:2016:i:c:p:226-235
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.017
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    1. Qadrdan, Meysam & Chaudry, Modassar & Wu, Jianzhong & Jenkins, Nick & Ekanayake, Janaka, 2010. "Impact of a large penetration of wind generation on the GB gas network," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(10), pages 5684-5695, October.
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    6. Touretzky, Cara R. & McGuffin, Dana L. & Ziesmer, Jena C. & Baldea, Michael, 2016. "The effect of distributed electricity generation using natural gas on the electric and natural gas grids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 500-514.
    7. Wang, Jingfan & Tchapmi, Lyne P. & Ravikumar, Arvind P. & McGuire, Mike & Bell, Clay S. & Zimmerle, Daniel & Savarese, Silvio & Brandt, Adam R., 2020. "Machine vision for natural gas methane emissions detection using an infrared camera," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
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    10. Chen, Ying & Koch, Thorsten & Zakiyeva, Nazgul & Zhu, Bangzhu, 2020. "Modeling and forecasting the dynamics of the natural gas transmission network in Germany with the demand and supply balance constraint," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    11. Sukharev, Mikhail G. & Kosova, Ksenia O. & Popov, Ruslan V., 2019. "Mathematical and computer models for identification and optimal control of large-scale gas supply systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 113-122.
    12. Liu, Jia & Cheng, Haozhong & Zeng, Pingliang & Yao, Liangzhong & Shang, Ce & Tian, Yuan, 2018. "Decentralized stochastic optimization based planning of integrated transmission and distribution networks with distributed generation penetration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 800-813.
    13. Beigvand, Soheil Derafshi & Abdi, Hamdi & La Scala, Massimo, 2017. "Economic dispatch of multiple energy carriers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 861-872.
    14. Xi, Lei & Yu, Tao & Yang, Bo & Zhang, Xiaoshun & Qiu, Xuanyu, 2016. "A wolf pack hunting strategy based virtual tribes control for automatic generation control of smart grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 198-211.
    15. Lukas Löhr & Raphael Houben & Carolin Guntermann & Albert Moser, 2022. "Nested Decomposition Approach for Dispatch Optimization of Large-Scale, Integrated Electricity, Methane and Hydrogen Infrastructures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-25, April.
    16. Martínez Sánchez, Ana M. & Saldarriaga Cortés, Carlos A. & Salazar, Harold, 2021. "An optimal coordination of seasonal energy storages: A holistic approach to ensure energy adequacy and cost efficiency," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
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