IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v164y2016icp245-257.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Operating principle of Soft Open Points for electrical distribution network operation

Author

Listed:
  • Cao, Wanyu
  • Wu, Jianzhong
  • Jenkins, Nick
  • Wang, Chengshan
  • Green, Timothy

Abstract

Soft Open Points (SOPs) are power electronic devices installed in place of normally-open points in electrical power distribution networks. They are able to provide active power flow control, reactive power compensation and voltage regulation under normal network operating conditions, as well as fast fault isolation and supply restoration under abnormal conditions. Two control modes were developed for the operation of an SOP, using back-to-back voltage-source converters (VSCs). A power flow control mode with current control provides independent control of real and reactive power. A supply restoration mode with a voltage controller enables power supply to isolated loads due to network faults. The operating principle of the back-to-back VSCs based SOP was investigated under both normal and abnormal network operating conditions. Studies on a two-feeder medium-voltage distribution network showed the performance of the SOP under different network-operating conditions: normal, during a fault and post-fault supply restoration. During the change of network operating conditions, a mode switch method based on the phase locked loop controller was used to achieve the transitions between the two control modes. Hard transitions by a direct mode switching were noticed unfavourable, but seamless transitions were obtained by deploying a soft cold load pickup and voltage synchronization process.

Suggested Citation

  • Cao, Wanyu & Wu, Jianzhong & Jenkins, Nick & Wang, Chengshan & Green, Timothy, 2016. "Operating principle of Soft Open Points for electrical distribution network operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 245-257.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:164:y:2016:i:c:p:245-257
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.005
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261915015718
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.005?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hung, Duong Quoc & Mithulananthan, N. & Bansal, R.C., 2014. "Integration of PV and BES units in commercial distribution systems considering energy loss and voltage stability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1162-1170.
    2. Abdullah, M.A. & Agalgaonkar, A.P. & Muttaqi, K.M., 2014. "Assessment of energy supply and continuity of service in distribution network with renewable distributed generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1015-1026.
    3. Savić, Aleksandar & Đurišić, Željko, 2014. "Optimal sizing and location of SVC devices for improvement of voltage profile in distribution network with dispersed photovoltaic and wind power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 114-124.
    4. Fotouhi Ghazvini, M.A. & Morais, Hugo & Vale, Zita, 2012. "Coordination between mid-term maintenance outage decisions and short-term security-constrained scheduling in smart distribution systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 281-291.
    5. Mu, Yunfei & Wu, Jianzhong & Jenkins, Nick & Jia, Hongjie & Wang, Chengshan, 2014. "A Spatial–Temporal model for grid impact analysis of plug-in electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 456-465.
    6. Trujillo, C.L. & Velasco, D. & Guarnizo, J.G. & Díaz, N., 2011. "Design and implementation of a VSC for interconnection with power grids, using the method of identification the system through state space for the calculation of controllers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(9), pages 3169-3175.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hung, Duong Quoc & Mithulananthan, N. & Bansal, R.C., 2014. "An optimal investment planning framework for multiple distributed generation units in industrial distribution systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 62-72.
    2. Ji, Haoran & Wang, Chengshan & Li, Peng & Song, Guanyu & Yu, Hao & Wu, Jianzhong, 2019. "Quantified analysis method for operational flexibility of active distribution networks with high penetration of distributed generators," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 706-714.
    3. Ji, Haoran & Wang, Chengshan & Li, Peng & Zhao, Jinli & Song, Guanyu & Wu, Jianzhong, 2018. "Quantified flexibility evaluation of soft open points to improve distributed generator penetration in active distribution networks based on difference-of-convex programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C), pages 338-348.
    4. Muttaqi, K.M. & Le, An D.T. & Aghaei, J. & Mahboubi-Moghaddam, E. & Negnevitsky, M. & Ledwich, G., 2016. "Optimizing distributed generation parameters through economic feasibility assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 893-903.
    5. Long, Chao & Wu, Jianzhong & Thomas, Lee & Jenkins, Nick, 2016. "Optimal operation of soft open points in medium voltage electrical distribution networks with distributed generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 427-437.
    6. Zhao, Jinli & Zhang, Mengzhen & Yu, Hao & Ji, Haoran & Song, Guanyu & Li, Peng & Wang, Chengshan & Wu, Jianzhong, 2019. "An islanding partition method of active distribution networks based on chance-constrained programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 78-91.
    7. Gandhi, Oktoviano & Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Zhang, Wenjie & Srinivasan, Dipti & Reindl, Thomas, 2018. "Economic and technical analysis of reactive power provision from distributed energy resources in microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 827-841.
    8. Cao, Wanyu & Wu, Jianzhong & Jenkins, Nick & Wang, Chengshan & Green, Timothy, 2016. "Benefits analysis of Soft Open Points for electrical distribution network operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 36-47.
    9. Ji, Haoran & Wang, Chengshan & Li, Peng & Zhao, Jinli & Song, Guanyu & Ding, Fei & Wu, Jianzhong, 2017. "An enhanced SOCP-based method for feeder load balancing using the multi-terminal soft open point in active distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 986-995.
    10. Natascia Andrenacci & Roberto Ragona & Antonino Genovese, 2020. "Evaluation of the Instantaneous Power Demand of an Electric Charging Station in an Urban Scenario," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, May.
    11. Ye, Bin & Yang, Peng & Jiang, Jingjing & Miao, Lixin & Shen, Bo & Li, Ji, 2017. "Feasibility and economic analysis of a renewable energy powered special town in China," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 40-50.
    12. Monteiro, Raul V.A. & Guimarães, Geraldo C. & Silva, Fernando Bento & da Silva Teixeira, Raoni F. & Carvalho, Bismarck C. & Finazzi, Antônio de P. & de Vasconcellos, Arnulfo B., 2018. "A medium-term analysis of the reduction in technical losses on distribution systems with variable demand using artificial neural networks: An Electrical Energy Storage approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1216-1228.
    13. Andrade, Carlos & Selosse, Sandrine & Maïzi, Nadia, 2022. "The role of power-to-gas in the integration of variable renewables," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    14. Kabir, M.N. & Mishra, Y. & Bansal, R.C., 2016. "Probabilistic load flow for distribution systems with uncertain PV generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 343-351.
    15. Tao Xu & He Meng & Jie Zhu & Wei Wei & He Zhao & Han Yang & Zijin Li & Yuhan Wu, 2021. "Optimal Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage in Distribution Networks Considering Active/Reactive Coordination," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-24, March.
    16. Wagner A. Vilela Junior & Antonio P. Coimbra & Gabriel A. Wainer & Joao Caetano Neto & Jose A. G. Cararo & Marcio R. C. Reis & Paulo V. Santos & Wesley P. Calixto, 2021. "Analysis and Adequacy Methodology for Voltage Violations in Distribution Power Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-21, July.
    17. Julia Vopava & Christian Koczwara & Anna Traupmann & Thomas Kienberger, 2019. "Investigating the Impact of E-Mobility on the Electrical Power Grid Using a Simplified Grid Modelling Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-23, December.
    18. Wang, Chengshan & Song, Guanyu & Li, Peng & Ji, Haoran & Zhao, Jinli & Wu, Jianzhong, 2017. "Optimal siting and sizing of soft open points in active electrical distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 301-309.
    19. Kuang, Yanqing & Chen, Yang & Hu, Mengqi & Yang, Dong, 2017. "Influence analysis of driver behavior and building category on economic performance of electric vehicle to grid and building integration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 427-437.
    20. Viktor Slednev & Patrick Jochem & Wolf Fichtner, 2022. "Impacts of electric vehicles on the European high and extra high voltage power grid," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 26(3), pages 824-837, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:164:y:2016:i:c:p:245-257. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.