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Biochar and renewable energy generation from poultry litter waste: A technical and economic analysis based on computational simulations

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  • Huang, Y.
  • Anderson, M.
  • McIlveen-Wright, D.
  • Lyons, G.A.
  • McRoberts, W.C.
  • Wang, Y.D.
  • Roskilly, A.P.
  • Hewitt, N.J.

Abstract

The technical and economic analysis of generating biochar together with electricity and/or heat from poultry litter (PL) waste is the subject of this study. To carry out this study, the process simulation software ECLIPSE is used. Modelling and simulation have been conducted over the selected system: the pyrolysis/gasification process integrated with an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). The facility will be capable of processing 1500kg of PL every hour. The simulation shows that when a reference PL is used the yield of biochar from the process is around 398kg/h with a 38% carbon content. Electricity generated by the ORC system is 388kWhe. Recovered low grade heat for space heating is estimated at 1831kWhth. The results of the economic analysis suggest that when paying £20/tonne for handling and storing the feedstock without any options of selling either heat or electricity, the break-even selling price (BESP) of biochar is around £218/tonne. If the sale of electricity and heat produced is considered to be around £60/MWhe and £5/MWhth, the BESP will decrease to £178/tonne. The case studies also indicate that when a gate fee of £10/tonne is introduced the BESP can be further reduced to £65/tonne, equivalent to a 63% reduction. On the other hand if biochar generated has an average price of £150/tonne in the market and the plant receives one Renewable Obligation Certificate (ROC) from the Government, the Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCOE) for the electricity generation will be £46/MWhe, which is compatible with electricity generated by fossil fuel power plants.

Suggested Citation

  • Huang, Y. & Anderson, M. & McIlveen-Wright, D. & Lyons, G.A. & McRoberts, W.C. & Wang, Y.D. & Roskilly, A.P. & Hewitt, N.J., 2015. "Biochar and renewable energy generation from poultry litter waste: A technical and economic analysis based on computational simulations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 656-663.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:160:y:2015:i:c:p:656-663
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.029
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    Cited by:

    1. Mousavi-Avval, Seyed Hashem & Sahoo, Kamalakanta & Nepal, Prakash & Runge, Troy & Bergman, Richard, 2023. "Environmental impacts and techno-economic assessments of biobased products: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    2. Sara Rajabi Hamedani & Tom Kuppens & Robert Malina & Enrico Bocci & Andrea Colantoni & Mauro Villarini, 2019. "Life Cycle Assessment and Environmental Valuation of Biochar Production: Two Case Studies in Belgium," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-21, June.
    3. Marcin Sajdak & Artur Majewski & Francesca Di Gruttola & Grzegorz Gałko & Edyta Misztal & Michał Rejdak & Andreas Hornung & Miloud Ouadi, 2023. "Evaluation of the Feasibility of Using TCR-Derived Chars from Selected Biomass Wastes and MSW Fractions in CO 2 Sequestration on Degraded and Post-Industrial Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Hong, Ziyu & Zhong, Fei & Niu, Wenjuan & Zhang, Kai & Su, Jing & Liu, Jiazheng & Li, Lijie & Wu, Fengrui, 2020. "Effects of temperature and particle size on the compositions, energy conversions and structural characteristics of pyrolysis products from different crop residues," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    5. Bingru Liu & Xingtong Pan, 2024. "RETRACTED ARTICLE: Green finance, energy transition, and natural resources of real estate sector: driving eco-sustainability and sustainable economic growth," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 57(2), pages 1-23, April.
    6. Bujak, Janusz & Sitarz, Piotr & Jasiewicz, Paulina, 2018. "Fuel consumption in the thermal treatment of low-calorific industrial food processing waste," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 139-147.
    7. Kächele, Rebecca & Nurkowski, Daniel & Martin, Jacob & Akroyd, Jethro & Kraft, Markus, 2019. "An assessment of the viability of alternatives to biodiesel transport fuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    8. Rhoda Afriyie Mensah & Vigneshwaran Shanmugam & Sreenivasan Narayanan & Nima Razavi & Adrian Ulfberg & Thomas Blanksvärd & Faez Sayahi & Peter Simonsson & Benjamin Reinke & Michael Försth & Gabriel Sa, 2021. "Biochar-Added Cementitious Materials—A Review on Mechanical, Thermal, and Environmental Properties," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-27, August.
    9. Pasolini, Vinicius Holanda & Costa, Ariany Binda Silva & Perazzini, Maisa Tonon Bitti & Cipriano, Daniel Fernandes & Freitas, Jair Carlos Checon & Perazzini, Hugo & Sousa, Robson Costa, 2024. "Valorization of pure poultry manure for biomass applications: Drying and energy potential characteristics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    10. Li, Y. & Arulnathan, V. & Heidari, M.D. & Pelletier, N., 2022. "Design considerations for net zero energy buildings for intensive, confined poultry production: A review of current insights, knowledge gaps, and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    11. Abdollahi, Elnaz & Wang, Haichao & Lahdelma, Risto, 2016. "An optimization method for multi-area combined heat and power production with power transmission network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 248-256.
    12. Simone Marzeddu & Andrea Cappelli & Andrea Ambrosio & María Alejandra Décima & Paolo Viotti & Maria Rosaria Boni, 2021. "A Life Cycle Assessment of an Energy-Biochar Chain Involving a Gasification Plant in Italy," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-29, November.
    13. Struhs, Ethan & Mirkouei, Amin & You, Yaqi & Mohajeri, Amir, 2020. "Techno-economic and environmental assessments for nutrient-rich biochar production from cattle manure: A case study in Idaho, USA," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    14. Mosleh Uddin, Md & Wen, Zhiyou & Mba Wright, Mark, 2022. "Techno-economic and environmental impact assessment of using corn stover biochar for manure derived renewable natural gas production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    15. Tańczuk, M. & Junga, R. & Werle, S. & Chabiński, M. & Ziółkowski, Ł., 2019. "Experimental analysis of the fixed bed gasification process of the mixtures of the chicken manure with biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 1055-1063.
    16. Long Zhang & Jingzheng Ren & Wuliyasu Bai, 2023. "A Review of Poultry Waste-to-Wealth: Technological Progress, Modeling and Simulation Studies, and Economic- Environmental and Social Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-23, March.
    17. Santos Dalólio, Felipe & da Silva, Jadir Nogueira & Carneiro de Oliveira, Angélica Cássia & Ferreira Tinôco, Ilda de Fátima & Christiam Barbosa, Rúben & Resende, Michael de Oliveira & Teixeira Albino,, 2017. "Poultry litter as biomass energy: A review and future perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 941-949.
    18. Lee, Jechan & Yang, Xiao & Cho, Seong-Heon & Kim, Jae-Kon & Lee, Sang Soo & Tsang, Daniel C.W. & Ok, Yong Sik & Kwon, Eilhann E., 2017. "Pyrolysis process of agricultural waste using CO2 for waste management, energy recovery, and biochar fabrication," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P1), pages 214-222.

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