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Population of entities with three individual states and asymmetric interactions

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  • Lachowicz, Mirosław
  • Matusik, Milena
  • Topolski, Krzysztof A.

Abstract

In various applications in life and social sciences the agents of a complex system, which can be individuals of a sub–populations, can have one of the few inner states or can choose one of few strategies. Their states are effects of interactions with other agents. Behavior is described by a kinetic–like a nonlinear equation. In the present paper, we study the behavior of solutions in the case of three possible states and show that in some cases a kind of self–organization occurs but in others, a periodic behavior characterizes the system. We can observe a wide variety of dynamics that can relate to the behavior of real systems. The model contains a natural interaction intensity parameter γ≥1. Case γ>1 leads to “very” nonlinear structures. We prove that the system has no non–constant periodic solutions. We propose conditions guaranteeing the asymptotic stability of equilibrium points on the boundary that corresponds to the asymptotic extinction of two states. Moreover, conditions for the uniqueness and instability of an inner equilibrium point, corresponding to an asymptotic presence of all states, are formulated. The case of γ=1 with asymmetric interaction rate is studied as well. Possible complex behavior of solutions can reflect the possible complex performance of systems with asymmetric interactions — typical e.g. in Economy and some applications in Biology.

Suggested Citation

  • Lachowicz, Mirosław & Matusik, Milena & Topolski, Krzysztof A., 2024. "Population of entities with three individual states and asymmetric interactions," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 464(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:apmaco:v:464:y:2024:i:c:s0096300323005647
    DOI: 10.1016/j.amc.2023.128395
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mirosław Lachowicz & Henryk Leszczyński, 2020. "Modeling Asymmetric Interactions in Economy," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-14, April.
    2. William Gehrlein, 2002. "Condorcet's paradox and the likelihood of its occurrence: different perspectives on balanced preferences ," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 52(2), pages 171-199, March.
    3. Lachowicz, Mirosław & Leszczyński, Henryk & Topolski, Krzysztof A., 2019. "Self-organization with small range interactions: Equilibria and creation of bipolarity," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 343(C), pages 156-166.
    4. Young, H. P., 1988. "Condorcet's Theory of Voting," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 82(4), pages 1231-1244, December.
    5. Lachowicz, Mirosław & Leszczyński, Henryk & Topolski, Krzysztof A., 2022. "Approximations of kinetic equations of swarm formation: Convergence and exact solutions," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 417(C).
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