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Corn crop response under managing different irrigation and salinity levels

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  • Amer, Kamal H.

Abstract

Non-uniformity of water distribution under irrigation system creates both deficit and surplus irrigation areas. Water salinity can be hazard on crop production; however, there is little information on the interaction of irrigation and salinity conditions on corn (Zea Mays) growth and production. This study evaluated the effect of salinity and irrigation levels on growth and yield of corn grown in the arid area of Egypt. A field experiment was conducted using corn grown in northern Egypt at Quesina, Menofia in 2009 summer season to evaluate amount of water applied, salinity hazard and their interactions. Three salinity levels and five irrigation treatments were arranged in a randomized split-plot design with salinity treatments as main plots and irrigation rates within salinity treatments. Salinity treatments were to apply fresh water (0.89Â dSÂ m-1), saline water (4.73Â dSÂ m-1), or mixing fresh plus saline water (2.81Â dSÂ m-1). Irrigation treatments were a ratio of crop evapotranspiration (ET) as: 0.6ET, 0.8ET, 1.0ET, 1.2ET, and 1.4ET. In well-watered conditions (1.0ET), seasonal water usable by corn was 453, 423, and 380Â mm for 0.89EC, 2.81EC and 4.73EC over the 122-day growing season, respectively. Soil salt accumulation was significantly increased by either irrigation salinity increase or amount decrease. But, soil infiltration was significantly decreased by either salinity level or its interaction with irrigation amount. Leaf temperature, transpiration rate, and stomata resistance were significantly affected by both irrigation and salinity levels with interaction. Leaf area index, harvest index, and yield were the greatest when fresh and adequate irrigation was applied. Grain yield was significantly affected in a linear relationship (r2Â >=Â 0.95) by either irrigation or salinity conditions with no interaction. An optimal irrigation scheduling was statistically developed based on crop response for a given salinity level to extrapolate data from the small experiment (uniform condition) to big field (non-uniformity condition) under the experiment constraints.

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  • Amer, Kamal H., 2010. "Corn crop response under managing different irrigation and salinity levels," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(10), pages 1553-1563, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:97:y:2010:i:10:p:1553-1563
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    2. Farhadi Machekposhti, Mabood & Shahnazari, Ali & Z. Ahmadi, Mirkhalegh & Aghajani, Ghasem & Ritzema, Henk, 2017. "Effect of irrigation with sea water on soil salinity and yield of oleic sunflower," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 69-78.
    3. Amer, Kamal H., 2011. "Effect of irrigation method and quantity on squash yield and quality," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(8), pages 1197-1206, May.
    4. Wang, Xiangping & Liu, Guangming & Yang, Jingsong & Huang, Guanhua & Yao, Rongjiang, 2017. "Evaluating the effects of irrigation water salinity on water movement, crop yield and water use efficiency by means of a coupled hydrologic/crop growth model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 13-26.
    5. Cucci, Giovanna & Lacolla, Giovanni & Boari, Francesca & Mastro, Mario Alberto & Cantore, Vito, 2019. "Effect of water salinity and irrigation regime on maize (Zea mays L.) cultivated on clay loam soil and irrigated by furrow in Southern Italy," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 118-124.
    6. Cheng, Minghui & Wang, Haidong & Fan, Junliang & Wang, Xiukang & Sun, Xin & Yang, Ling & Zhang, Shaohui & Xiang, Youzhen & Zhang, Fucang, 2021. "Crop yield and water productivity under salty water irrigation: A global meta-analysis," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    7. Anna Tedeschi & Domenico Cerrato & Massimo Menenti, 2022. "Is the Potential for Multi-Functional Use of Industrial Hemp Greater than Maize under Saline Conditions?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-33, November.
    8. Yohannes, Degol Fissahaye & Ritsema, C.J. & Solomon, H. & Froebrich, J. & van Dam, J.C., 2017. "Irrigation water management: Farmers’ practices, perceptions and adaptations at Gumselassa irrigation scheme, North Ethiopia," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 16-28.
    9. Khaleghi, Moazam & Hassanpour, Farzad & Karandish, Fatemeh & Shahnazari, Ali, 2020. "Integrating partial root-zone drying and saline water irrigation to sustain sunflower production in freshwater-scarce regions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    10. Wang, Xiangping & Yang, Jingsong & Liu, Guangming & Yao, Rongjiang & Yu, Shipeng, 2015. "Impact of irrigation volume and water salinity on winter wheat productivity and soil salinity distribution," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 44-54.
    11. Thivierge, Marie-Noëlle & Jégo, Guillaume & Bélanger, Gilles & Chantigny, Martin H. & Rotz, C. Alan & Charbonneau, Édith & Baron, Vern S. & Qian, Budong, 2017. "Projected impact of future climate conditions on the agronomic and environmental performance of Canadian dairy farms," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 241-257.
    12. Genxiang Feng & Zhanyu Zhang & Zemin Zhang, 2019. "Evaluating the Sustainable Use of Saline Water Irrigation on Soil Water-Salt Content and Grain Yield under Subsurface Drainage Condition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-18, November.

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