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Mulched drip irrigation and maize straw biochar increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen, photosynthesis and root in arid regions

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  • Zhang, Junxiao
  • Liu, Xiaowei
  • Wu, Qi
  • Qiu, Yuanze
  • Chi, Daocai
  • Xia, Guimin
  • Arthur, Emmanuel

Abstract

Biochar has been increasingly recognized as a valuable soil conditioner, which is beneficial to peanut yield improvement. We conducted a three-year field experiment to investigate the effect of biochar applied at three rates (0 t ha−1 (B0), 24 t ha−1 (B1), and 48 t ha−1 (B2), which were 0%, 1%, 2% of the soil mass) on diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate, soil available nitrogen (N), root characteristics, and peanut yield under two irrigation methods: CK (drip irrigation) and MDI (mulched drip irrigation). A biochar application rate of 24 t ha−1 (B1) increased soil available N, net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and relative chlorophyll values (SPAD) compared to B0. B1 increased total root length, root surface area, root volume and root bleeding sap (RBS) by 8.5∼29.9%, 13.5∼18.5%, 0.8∼12.1%, and 27.6–45.9%, respectively, compared to B0. Significant correlations between grain yield, SPAD, and RBS indicated that biochar enhanced grain yield by improving photosynthesis and root activity. For the irrigation treatments, MDI significantly increased peanut yield, net photosynthetic rate, and RBS, but had no significant effect on soil available N. High biochar application under MDI (IMDIB2) reduced peanut yield in 2020. Moderate biochar application under MDI (IMDIB1) had the highest peanut yield in three years. These results showed that 24 t ha−1 biochar combined with MDI achieved the highest soil available N, root development, and net photosynthetic rate thus which resulted in the highest grain yield, and this could be a management strategy to increase peanut yield.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Junxiao & Liu, Xiaowei & Wu, Qi & Qiu, Yuanze & Chi, Daocai & Xia, Guimin & Arthur, Emmanuel, 2023. "Mulched drip irrigation and maize straw biochar increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen, photosynthesis and root in arid regions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:289:y:2023:i:c:s0378377423004304
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108565
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xia, Guimin & Wang, Yujia & Hu, Jiaqi & Wang, Shujun & Zhang, Yan & Wu, Qi & Chi, Daocai, 2021. "Effects of Supplemental Irrigation on Water and Nitrogen Use, Yield, and Kernel Quality of Peanut under Nitrogen-Supplied Conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    2. Antony, Edna & Singandhupe, R. B., 2004. "Impact of drip and surface irrigation on growth, yield and WUE of capsicum (Capsicum annum L.)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 65(2), pages 121-132, March.
    3. Zhang, Junxiao & Wang, Qianqing & Xia, Guimin & Wu, Qi & Chi, Daocai, 2021. "Continuous regulated deficit irrigation enhances peanut water use efficiency and drought resistance," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
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    1. Xiangzhu Wang & Man Wu & Chengbin Sun & Miao Liu & Liyu Yang & Haiyan Liang & Qi Wu & Pu Shen, . "Biochar distribution mode in soil affects the vegetative peanut growth, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen-fixing bacteria activity," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 0.

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