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DRAINMOD Simulation of macropore flow at subsurface drained agricultural fields: Model modification and field testing

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  • Askar, Manal H
  • Youssef, Mohamed A
  • Chescheir, George M
  • Negm, Lamyaa M
  • King, Kevin W
  • Hesterberg, Dean L
  • Amoozegar, Aziz
  • Skaggs, R. Wayne

Abstract

Macropores are critical pathways through which water and pollutants can bypass the soil matrix and be rapidly transported to subsurface drains and freshwater bodies. We modified the DRAINMOD model to simulate macropore flow using a simple approach as part of developing the DRAINMOD-P model to simulate phosphorus dynamics in artificially drained agricultural lands. The Hagen-Poiseuille’s law was used to estimate the flow capacity of macropores. When ponding depths on the soil surface are greater than Kirkham’s depth, water is assumed to flow through macropores directly to tile drains without interaction with the soil matrix. In the modified model, macropore size is adjusted based on wet or dry conditions while connectivity is altered by tillage. The model was tested using a 4-year data set from a subsurface drained field in northwest Ohio. The soils at the field are classified as very poorly drained and are prone to desiccation cracking. The modified model predicted the daily and monthly subsurface drainage with average Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values of 0.48 and 0.59, respectively. The cumulative drainage over the 4-year simulation period was under-predicted by 8%. The new macropore component was able to capture about 75% of 60 peak drainage flow events. However, surface runoff was over-predicted for the entire study period. Annual water budgets using measured data (precipitation, subsurface drainage, and surface runoff) and model predictions (evapotranspiration, vertical seepage, and change in storage) were not balanced with an average annual imbalance of 6.4 cm. The lack of closure in the water balance suggests that errors may have occurred in field measurements, particularly, surface runoff. Overall, incorporating macropore flow into DRAINMOD improved predictions of daily drainage peaks and enabled the model to predict subsurface drainage flux contributed by macropore flow, which is critical for expanding DRAINMOD to simulate phosphorus transport in subsurface drained agricultural land.

Suggested Citation

  • Askar, Manal H & Youssef, Mohamed A & Chescheir, George M & Negm, Lamyaa M & King, Kevin W & Hesterberg, Dean L & Amoozegar, Aziz & Skaggs, R. Wayne, 2020. "DRAINMOD Simulation of macropore flow at subsurface drained agricultural fields: Model modification and field testing," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:242:y:2020:i:c:s0378377420307721
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106401
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    1. Larsson, Martin H. & Persson, Kristian & Ulén, Barbro & Lindsjö, Anders & Jarvis, Nicholas J., 2007. "A dual porosity model to quantify phosphorus losses from macroporous soils," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 205(1), pages 123-134.
    2. Gunn, Kpoti M. & Baule, William J. & Frankenberger, Jane R. & Gamble, Debra L. & Allred, Barry J. & Andresen, Jeff A. & Brown, Larry C., 2018. "Modeled climate change impacts on subirrigated maize relative yield in northwest Ohio," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 56-66.
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    4. Eastman, M. & Gollamudi, A. & Stämpfli, N. & Madramootoo, C.A. & Sarangi, A., 2010. "Comparative evaluation of phosphorus losses from subsurface and naturally drained agricultural fields in the Pike River watershed of Quebec, Canada," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(5), pages 596-604, May.
    5. Negm, L.M. & Youssef, M.A. & Chescheir, G.M. & Skaggs, R.W., 2016. "DRAINMOD-based tools for quantifying reductions in annual drainage flow and nitrate losses resulting from drainage water management on croplands in eastern North Carolina," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 86-100.
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    7. Negm, Lamyaa M. & Youssef, Mohamed A. & Jaynes, Dan B., 2017. "Evaluation of DRAINMOD-DSSAT simulated effects of controlled drainage on crop yield, water balance, and water quality for a corn-soybean cropping system in central Iowa," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 57-68.
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    3. Eva Hyánková & Michal Kriška Dunajský & Ondřej Zedník & Ondřej Chaloupka & Miroslava Pumprlová Němcová, 2021. "Irrigation with Treated Wastewater as an Alternative Nutrient Source (for Crop): Numerical Simulation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Moursi, Hossam & Youssef, Mohamed A. & Chescheir, George M., 2022. "Development and application of DRAINMOD model for simulating crop yield and water conservation benefits of drainage water recycling," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).

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