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Minimising emissions to water bodies from NW European greenhouses; with focus on Dutch vegetable cultivation

Author

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  • van der Salm, Caroline
  • Voogt, Wim
  • Beerling, Ellen
  • van Ruijven, Jim
  • van Os, Erik

Abstract

In large parts of the Netherlands surface water quality does not meet the chemical and ecological standards as indicated by the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). The largest exceedances were found in areas with greenhouse horticulture, flower bulbs, fruit trees and ornamental trees. Several regulations have been implemented to improve water quality in greenhouse areas, leading finally to a target for zero emission of nutrients by 2027 in soilless cultivation and rules to minimise losses in soil bound cultivation. In addition to that an obligation exists to remove plant protection products (PPPs) from drain water by 2018 onwards. For soilless cultivation a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system gives the best options to reach these goals. For soil-bound cultivation the situation is more complicated and a combination of tools and measurements to help the farmer to tune irrigation to crop demand is most promising. These approaches will lead to a substantial decrease in losses of nutrients and PPPs to surface water. However, it is uncertain whether this will lead to the desired reduction in emissions and the water quality standards of the WFD in 2027. Obstacles might be problems with soil-bound cultivation, leakages in soilless cultivation and sodium limitations in certain crops.

Suggested Citation

  • van der Salm, Caroline & Voogt, Wim & Beerling, Ellen & van Ruijven, Jim & van Os, Erik, 2020. "Minimising emissions to water bodies from NW European greenhouses; with focus on Dutch vegetable cultivation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:242:y:2020:i:c:s0378377420302900
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106398
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    Cited by:

    1. Santos, Miguel G. & Moreira, Germano S. & Pereira, Ruth & Carvalho, Susana M.P., 2022. "Assessing the potential use of drainage from open soilless production systems: A case study from an agronomic and ecotoxicological perspective," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    2. Gallardo, Marisa & Elia, Antonio & Thompson, Rodney B., 2020. "Decision support systems and models for aiding irrigation and nutrient management of vegetable crops," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    3. Incrocci, Luca & Thompson, Rodney B. & Fernandez-Fernandez, María Dolores & De Pascale, Stefania & Pardossi, Alberto & Stanghellini, Cecilia & Rouphael, Youssef & Gallardo, Marisa, 2020. "Irrigation management of European greenhouse vegetable crops," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    4. Cedeño, J. & Magán, J.J. & Thompson, R.B. & Fernández, M.D. & Gallardo, M., 2023. "Reducing nutrient loss in drainage from tomato grown in free-draining substrate in greenhouses using dynamic nutrient management," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).

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