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Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of Golden Delicious/M793 apple trees in the Koue Bokkeveld

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  • Volschenk, Theresa

Abstract

Irrigation scheduling is key to efficient irrigation water use. The objective of this research was to determine the evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficients (Kc) of Golden Delicious/M793 apple (Malus domestica L.) trees in a semi-arid climate to promote optimal usage of limited water resources in South Africa. The ETc and Kc values for trees irrigated at 50% plant available water depletion throughout the season were determined from 2005/06 to 2007/08. Over three seasons, ETc amounted to c. 870mm between October and April, whereas reference evapotranspiration was c. 1262mm. The ETc during vegetative growth and fruit cell division (Phase 1), fruit cell enlargement until end of shoot extension growth (Phase 2), ripening until harvest (Phase 3) and postharvest (Phase 4) contributed c. 15%, c. 41%, c. 20% and c. 24% to the seasonal water requirements of the trees, respectively. Since the seasonal ETc amounts exceed the current annual water allocation of 800mm per hectare, accurate irrigation scheduling is crucial to ensure efficient irrigation water use. Means to estimate Kc values for the development and late stages are provided. A Kc of 0.79 applies during the mid and late stages until the onset of leaf fall.

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  • Volschenk, Theresa, 2017. "Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of Golden Delicious/M793 apple trees in the Koue Bokkeveld," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 184-191.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:194:y:2017:i:c:p:184-191
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2017.09.002
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    Cited by:

    1. Ntshidi, Z. & Dzikiti, S. & Mazvimavi, D. & Mobe, N.T., 2021. "Contribution of understorey vegetation to evapotranspiration partitioning in apple orchards under Mediterranean climatic conditions in South Africa," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    2. Mobe, N.T. & Dzikiti, S. & Zirebwa, S.F. & Midgley, S.J.E. & von Loeper, W. & Mazvimavi, D. & Ntshidi, Z. & Jovanovic, N.Z., 2020. "Estimating crop coefficients for apple orchards with varying canopy cover using measured data from twelve orchards in the Western Cape Province, South Africa," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    3. Zanotelli, Damiano & Montagnani, Leonardo & Andreotti, Carlo & Tagliavini, Massimo, 2019. "Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient patterns of an apple orchard in a sub-humid environment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    4. Rallo, G. & Paço, T.A. & Paredes, P. & Puig-Sirera, À. & Massai, R. & Provenzano, G. & Pereira, L.S., 2021. "Updated single and dual crop coefficients for tree and vine fruit crops," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    5. Dzikiti, S. & Lotter, D. & Mpandeli, S. & Nhamo, L., 2022. "Assessing the energy and water balance dynamics of rain-fed rooibos tea crops (Aspalathus linearis) under changing Mediterranean climatic conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    6. Dzikiti, S. & Volschenk, T. & Midgley, S.J.E & Lötze, E. & Taylor, N.J & Gush, M.B. & Ntshidi, Z. & Zirebwa, S.F & Doko, Q. & Schmeisser, M. & Jarmain, C. & Steyn, W.J & Pienaar, H.H., 2018. "Estimating the water requirements of high yielding and young apple orchards in the winter rainfall areas of South Africa using a dual source evapotranspiration model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 152-162.
    7. Hui Cao & Hongbo Wang & Yong Li & Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani & Nan Zhang & Xingpeng Wang & Yang Gao, 2021. "Evapotranspiration Partition and Dual Crop Coefficients in Apple Orchard with Dwarf Stocks and Dense Planting in Arid Region, Aksu Oasis, Southern Xinjiang," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-16, November.

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