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Loss of soil phosphorus by tile drains during storm events

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  • Zimmer, Dana
  • Kahle, Petra
  • Baum, Christel

Abstract

Phosphorus losses from agricultural soils are usually predominately caused by surface-runoff and only rarely by tile drain discharge. However, storm events can drastically increase P transfer to water bodies. In 2011 summer storm events caused 3.2 fold higher precipitation compared to the long-term average in Northern Germany. During these storm events excessive yellow-brown ochre flocs were observed in drain discharges and supposed to be potential P carrier. Therefore, water samples with ochre flocs were taken and analyzed by light and electron microscopy and for total elemental concentrations of P and its common binding partners (Al, Fe, Mn). Additionally, sandy sediment samples were taken in winter and analyzed for total and oxalate-extractable amounts of these elements. Water samples with ochre flocs revealed total P concentrations of approximately 27 to 141mgl−1. During the high discharge period a cumulative discharge of 124.6mm from a drain plot of 4.2ha was recorded, which resulted in a calculated minimum loss of 34kg Ptha−1. This was assumed to be promoted by the excessive occurrence of ochre flocs, which were mainly formed by fungal mycelia with precipitated Fe- and Mn-(hydr)oxides at the surface. The poor crystallinity of the Fe-oxides from the discharge of tile drains was confirmed by an amount of up to 94% of active Fe-oxides in the sandy sediment. The extremely high discharge from tile drains, the flocky nature of the ochre along with a poor crystallinity of Fe-oxides and high P concentrations possess the risk of increased input and bioavailability of P in water bodies. Therefore, discharge and P forms from tile drained areas should be monitored more intensively and retention of P on tile drain outlets should be considered to prevent water bodies from eutrophication.

Suggested Citation

  • Zimmer, Dana & Kahle, Petra & Baum, Christel, 2016. "Loss of soil phosphorus by tile drains during storm events," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 21-28.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:167:y:2016:i:c:p:21-28
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2015.12.017
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vidon, P. & Cuadra, P.E., 2011. "Phosphorus dynamics in tile-drain flow during storms in the US Midwest," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(4), pages 532-540, February.
    2. Tiemeyer, B. & Kahle, P. & Lennartz, B., 2009. "Phosphorus losses from an artificially drained rural lowland catchment in North-Eastern Germany," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(4), pages 677-690, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nausch, Monika & Woelk, Jana & Kahle, Petra & Nausch, Günther & Leipe, Thomas & Lennartz, Bernd, 2017. "Phosphorus fractions in discharges from artificially drained lowland catchments (Warnow River, Baltic Sea)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 77-87.
    2. Beatrice Garske & Antonia Bau & Felix Ekardt, 2021. "Digitalization and AI in European Agriculture: A Strategy for Achieving Climate and Biodiversity Targets?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Jessica K. Hauda & Steven I. Safferman & Ehsan Ghane, 2020. "Adsorption Media for the Removal of Soluble Phosphorus from Subsurface Drainage Water," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-18, October.

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