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The dynamics of groundwater table and salinity over 17 years in Khorezm

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  • Ibrakhimov, Mirzakhayot
  • Martius, Christopher
  • Lamers, J.P.A.
  • Tischbein, Bernhard

Abstract

Salinization of irrigated agricultural land threatens ecological sustainability and livelihoods of people. Salinization is especially severe in the dry lowlands world-wide and in Central Asia where large amounts of salts accumulated in the soil profile, originating from shallow saline groundwater (GW). Analysis of the unique dataset of 2000 monitoring wells of GW table and salinity in lowland Khorezm region of Uzbekistan over the period of 1990 till 2006 showed shallow GW levels of 1.1–1.4m (±0.48–0.66m) at start of leaching periods and 0.9–1.4 (±0.43–0.63m) in July during the annual growing seasons. While leaching efficiency is decreased, shallow GW in July is far above the optimum levels of 1.4–1.5m. The effects of topography, soil texture, and irrigation and drainage networks were found to favor shallow GW forced by excessive water diversion. The drainage network, which is seen by many specialists as underdeveloped and its improvement necessary to arrest unacceptable GW levels, is being used under its full capacity. The solution to alleviate land degradation is not only an improved drainage, but better controlled and more flexible water management.

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  • Ibrakhimov, Mirzakhayot & Martius, Christopher & Lamers, J.P.A. & Tischbein, Bernhard, 2011. "The dynamics of groundwater table and salinity over 17 years in Khorezm," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 101(1), pages 52-61.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:101:y:2011:i:1:p:52-61
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2011.09.002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kahlown, M.A. & Ashraf, M. & Zia-ul-Haq, 2005. "Effect of shallow groundwater table on crop water requirements and crop yields," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 76(1), pages 24-35, July.
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    1. Umirzakov, Gulomjon & Barthold, F. & Schneider, K. & Forkutsa, I. & Breuer, L. & Stulina, G. & Dukhovny, V. & Frede, H.-G., 2013. "Estimation of phreatic evaporation in irrigation agriculture using stable isotopes," International Conference and Young Researchers Forum - Natural Resource Use in Central Asia: Institutional Challenges and the Contribution of Capacity Building 159226, University of Giessen (JLU Giessen), Center for International Development and Environmental Research.
    2. Hongfang Li & Jian Wang & Hu Liu & Zhanmin Wei & Henglu Miao, 2022. "Quantitative Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variations of Soil Salinization and Groundwater Depth along the Yellow River Saline–Alkali Land," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-13, June.
    3. Guanfang Sun & Yan Zhu & Zhaoliang Gao & Jinzhong Yang & Zhongyi Qu & Wei Mao & Jingwei Wu, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Patterns and Key Driving Factors of Soil Salinity in Dry and Wet Years in an Arid Agricultural Area with Shallow Groundwater Table," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Dong, Shide & Wan, Shuqin & Kang, Yaohu & Li, Xiaobin, 2021. "Establishing an ecological forest system of salt-tolerant plants in heavily saline wasteland using the drip-irrigation reclamation method," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    5. Wichelns, Dennis & Qadir, Manzoor, 2015. "Achieving sustainable irrigation requires effective management of salts, soil salinity, and shallow groundwater," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 31-38.
    6. Singh, Ajay, 2019. "Poor-drainage-induced salinization of agricultural lands: Management through structural measures," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 457-463.

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