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Ecological intensification by integrating biogas production into nutrient cycling: Modeling the case of Agroecological Symbiosis

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  • Koppelmäki, Kari
  • Parviainen, Tuure
  • Virkkunen, Elina
  • Winquist, Erika
  • Schulte, Rogier P.O.
  • Helenius, Juha

Abstract

There is growing demand to produce both food and renewable energy in a sustainable manner, while avoiding competition between food and energy production. In our study, we investigated the potential of harnessing biogas production into nutrient recycling in an integrated system of organic food production and food processing. We used the case of Agroecological Symbiosis (AES) at Palopuro, which is a combination of three farms, a biogas plant, and a bakery, as a case to explore how biogas production using feedstocks from the farms can be used to improve nutrient cycling, and to calculate how much energy could be produced from the within-system feedstocks. The current system (CS) used in organic farms, and the integrated farm and food processing AES system, were analyzed using Substance Flow analysis. In the AES, annual nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) surpluses were projected to be reduced from 95 kg ha−1 to 36 kg ha−1 and from 3.4 kg ha−1 to −0.5 kg ha−1 respectively, compared to the CS. Biogas produced from green manure leys as the major feedstock, produced 2809 MWh a−1. This was 70% more than the energy consumed (1650 MWh a−1) in the systemand thus the AES system turned out to be a net energy producer. Results demonstrated the potential of biogas production to enhance the transition to bioenergy, nutrient recycling, and crop productivity in renewable localized farming and food systems.

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  • Koppelmäki, Kari & Parviainen, Tuure & Virkkunen, Elina & Winquist, Erika & Schulte, Rogier P.O. & Helenius, Juha, 2019. "Ecological intensification by integrating biogas production into nutrient cycling: Modeling the case of Agroecological Symbiosis," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 39-48.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agisys:v:170:y:2019:i:c:p:39-48
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2018.12.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Blumenstein, Benjamin & Siegmeier, Torsten & Selsam, Franziska & Möller, Detlev, 2018. "A case of sustainable intensification: Stochastic farm budget optimization considering internal economic benefits of biogas production in organic agriculture," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 78-92.
    2. Benjamin Blumenstein & Torsten Siegmeier & Carsten Bruckhaus & Victor Anspach & Detlev Möller, 2015. "Integrated Bioenergy and Food Production—A German Survey on Structure and Developments of Anaerobic Digestion in Organic Farming Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-24, August.
    3. Siegmeier, Torsten & Blumenstein, Benjamin & Möller, Detlev, 2015. "Farm biogas production in organic agriculture: System implications," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 196-209.
    4. Willi Haas & Fridolin Krausmann & Dominik Wiedenhofer & Markus Heinz, 2015. "How Circular is the Global Economy?: An Assessment of Material Flows, Waste Production, and Recycling in the European Union and the World in 2005," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 19(5), pages 765-777, October.
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    4. Vanessa Burg & Farzin Golzar & Gillianne Bowman & Stefanie Hellweg & Ramin Roshandel, 2021. "Symbiosis opportunities between food and energy system: The potential of manure‐based biogas as heating source for greenhouse production," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 25(3), pages 648-662, June.
    5. Schreefel, L. & van Zanten, H.H.E. & Groot, J.C.J. & Timler, C.J. & Zwetsloot, M.J. & Schrijver, A. Pas & Creamer, R.E. & Schulte, R.P.O. & de Boer, I.J.M., 2022. "Tailor-made solutions for regenerative agriculture in the Netherlands," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).

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