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Linear and Threshold Effect of CO2 Emissions, Economic Development, Clean Fuel and Technology on Health Expenditure in Central Asia

Author

Listed:
  • Roula Inglesi-Lotz

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa)

  • Bekhzod Kuziboev

    (Department of Economics, Urgench State University, Urgench, Uzbekistan; & University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Str. Gavhar 1, Tashkent 100149, Uzbekistan; & Department of Trade, Tourism and Languages, University of South Bohemia, Studentská, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic)

  • Jakhongir Ibragimov

    (Department of Economics, Urgench State University, Urgench, 220100, Uzbekistan,)

  • Alibek Rajabov

    (Faculty of Economics and Humanities, Mamun University, Khiva, 220900, Uzbekistan)

  • Jie Liu

    (Center for Energy Environmental Management and Decision-Making, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China; & School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China)

  • Farkhod Abdullaev

    (Director of the Urgench branch of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Urgench, Uzbekistan; & Department of Tourism Urgench State University, Home 14, Kh. Alimjan Str., 220100 Urgench, Uzbekistan)

Abstract

The investigation is a pioneer in examining the joint impact of CO2 emissions, economic development, access to clean fuel and technology, and threshold effect on health expenditure in Central Asia. For this purpose, the balanced panel dataset is built for 5 Central Asian countries, namely Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, spanning 2000-2020 with annual data. The results of the Johansen cointegration test and error correction coefficients of vector error correction model and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) show a long-run association among the studied variables. Granger causality test shows the causal effect from independent variables to dependent variables, further validating model construction’s relevance. According to the ARDL model findings, CO2 emissions, economic development, access to clean fuel, and technology positively impact health expenditure. Threshold regression results reveal that the economic development stage (PGDP) should be between 2326.36 and 2345.87 USD to increase health expenditure that can rationally respond to environmental degradation. Policy actions like renewable energy transition and enhancing economic development levels are proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • Roula Inglesi-Lotz & Bekhzod Kuziboev & Jakhongir Ibragimov & Alibek Rajabov & Jie Liu & Farkhod Abdullaev, 2024. "Linear and Threshold Effect of CO2 Emissions, Economic Development, Clean Fuel and Technology on Health Expenditure in Central Asia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 116-124, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2024-04-11
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    Keywords

    CO2 Emissions; Economic Development; Clean Fuel and Technology; Central Asia; Autoregressive Distributed Lag; Vector Error Correction Model; Threshold;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • Q20 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - General
    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General

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