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Production, Consumption, Export and Carbon Emission for Coal Commodities: Cases of Indonesia and Australia

Author

Listed:
  • Hasdi Aimon

    (Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia,)

  • Anggi Putri Kurniadi

    (Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia,)

  • Sri Ulfa Sentosa

    (Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia,)

  • Nurhayati Abd Rahman

    (Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.)

Abstract

The contribution of this study is to analyze the impact of a series of economic activities from the coal commodity on carbon emission. This research specifically focuses on coal exporting countries in Asia Pacific, including Indonesia and Australia during the period 2000 to 2022. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence between production, consumption and export of coal and its determinants, and also the effect on carbon emission. This study applies the simultaneous equation approach and panel regression. The main findings of this study are that coal consumption, coal export, technological innovation and coal price have a positive and significant effect on coal production. Furthermore, coal production, domestic income and domestic investment have a positive and significant effect on coal consumption, while coal export has a negative and significant effect. Then, coal production and coal stock have a positive and significant effect on coal export, while coal consumption and domestic investment have a negative and significant effect. Finally, production, consumption and export of coal commodities contribute to increasing carbon emission. We recommend the coal exporting countries analyzed in this study to implement coal energy control in addressing increasing carbon emission at the global level.

Suggested Citation

  • Hasdi Aimon & Anggi Putri Kurniadi & Sri Ulfa Sentosa & Nurhayati Abd Rahman, 2023. "Production, Consumption, Export and Carbon Emission for Coal Commodities: Cases of Indonesia and Australia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(5), pages 484-492, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2023-05-53
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Coal Production; Coal Consumption; Coal Export; Carbon Emission;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • Q21 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

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