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The Contribution of Energy Consumption to Climate Change:A Feasible Policy Direction

Author

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  • Usenobong F. Akpan

    (Department of Economics, University of Uyo, Nigeria)

  • Godwin E. Akpan

    (Department of Economics, University of Uyo, Nigeria)

Abstract

Mitigating climate change is one of the biggest challenges that confront mankind in the present millennium. The problem has continued to dominate public debates in terms of its origin, sources, potential impacts and possibly adaptation strategies. In this paper, the contributions of energy to the climate change debate are explored. The analysis shows that since about 1850, the global use of fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) has increased and dominated world energy consumption and supply. The rapid rise in fossil fuel combustion has produced a corresponding rapid growth in CO2 emissions and accounts for over 80% of global anthropogenic green house gas emissions (GHGs) in 2008. It was shown that a substantial amount of CO2 emissions still emanates from the increased use of heavy polluting fuel like coal by industrializing countries like the United States, Japan and China. Historically, the developed countries have contributed the most to cumulative global CO2 emissions and still have the highest total historical emission. A disaggregated analysis indicates that two sectors of the economy, electricity and heat as well as the transport sector (majorly road transport), emit greater amounts of GHGs. Some mitigation mechanisms have been suggested including improved energy efficiency, energy pricing reforms, imposition of carbon emission taxes, promoting investment in renewable energy technologies and creating public environmental awareness.

Suggested Citation

  • Usenobong F. Akpan & Godwin E. Akpan, 2012. "The Contribution of Energy Consumption to Climate Change:A Feasible Policy Direction," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 2(1), pages 21-33.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2012-01-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cao, Xia, 2003. "Climate change and energy development: implications for developing countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(1-2), pages 61-67.
    2. Quadrelli, Roberta & Peterson, Sierra, 2007. "The energy-climate challenge: Recent trends in CO2 emissions from fuel combustion," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(11), pages 5938-5952, November.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Climate change; Fossil fuel; CO2 emissions;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q40 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - General
    • Q20 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - General
    • Q32 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development

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