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Nachfrageentwicklung und Kraftstoffeinsatz im Straßenverkehr: alternative Antriebe kommen nur schwer in Fahrt

Author

Listed:
  • Uwe Kunert
  • Sabine Radke

Abstract

The 54 million vehicles in Germany drove almost 720 billion kilometers in 2012. To date, alternative drive systems and fuels have not achieved any notable success in terms of vehicle numbers or vehicle use. However, the diesel engine, which has higher emissions of air pollutants, is gaining ground: diesel vehicles now constitute 29 percent of all passenger vehicles and 43 percent of all kilometers driven. Diesel fuel has been the most important energy source in road transport for ten years now. The proportion of biogenic fuels has stagnated since 2008 at below six percent, natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas cover only 1.5 percent of demand. In terms of alternative drive systems, not only are there promising long-term options, such as electromobility, but short-term meaningful alternatives should not be neglected either. The use of natural gas represents an alternative system with fewer emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants than conventional fuels and is potentially open to renewable energies use. The use of natural gas in the transport sector should therefore continue to be supported. Die 54 Millionen Kraftfahrzeuge in Deutschland legten im Jahr 2012 fast 720 Milliarden Kilometer zurück. Weder im Fahrzeugbestand noch in der Fahrzeugnutzung haben dabei alternative Antriebe und Kraftstoffe bisher deutliche Erfolge erreicht. Hingegen gewinnt der Dieselantrieb, der relativ hohe Emissionen von Luftschadstoffen aufweist, weiter an Bedeutung: Im Pkw-Bereich machen Diesel-Fahrzeuge inzwischen 29 Prozent des Bestandes und 43 Prozent der Fahrleistungen aus. Der Dieselkraftstoff ist seit zehn Jahren der wichtigste Energieträger im Straßenverkehr. Der Anteil biogener Kraftstoffe stagniert seit 2008 unter sechs Prozent, Erd- und Flüssiggas decken erst 1,5 Prozent des Bedarfs. Bezüglich der alternativen Antriebe sollten neben vielversprechenden langfristigen Optionen wie der Elektromobilität kurzfristig verfügbare, sinnvolle Alternativen nicht vernachlässigt werden. Der Einsatz von Erdgas stellt eine bereits heute verfügbare Alternative dar, die verglichen mit konventionellen Kraftstoffen geringere Emissionen von Treibhausgasen und Luftschadstoffen aufweist und perspektivisch offen für die Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien ist. Die Nutzung von Erdgas im Verkehr sollte daher weiterhin gefördert werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Uwe Kunert & Sabine Radke, 2013. "Nachfrageentwicklung und Kraftstoffeinsatz im Straßenverkehr: alternative Antriebe kommen nur schwer in Fahrt," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 80(50), pages 13-23.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:80-50-3
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    File URL: https://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.433448.de/13-50-3.pdf
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Isabel Teichmann, 2014. "Technical Greenhouse-Gas Mitigation Potentials of Biochar Soil Incorporation in Germany: Data Documentation," Data Documentation 73, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    2. Isabel Teichmann, 2015. "An Economic Assessment of Soil Carbon Sequestration with Biochar in Germany: Data Documentation," Data Documentation 78, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Isabel Teichmann, 2014. "Technical Greenhouse-Gas Mitigation Potentials of Biochar Soil Incorporation in Germany," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1406, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Road transport; mileage travelled; fuels; biofuels; motorized vehicles; . - alternative fuel vehicles;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources
    • L92 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise

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