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Asiatische Aufhol-Länder im globalen Technologiewettbewerb: die FuE- und Bildungsanstrengungen von Korea, China und Indien im Vergleich

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  • Olaf Krawczyk
  • Harald Legler
  • Birgit Gehrke

Abstract

China, India and Korea have come to the fore due to dynamic economic growth and particularly as new competitors on global technological markets. Their catch up process started with technology transfer in consequence of foreign direct investment, its dynamic is determined by own investment in human capital and research and development (R&D). Meanwhile Korea already belongs to the group of highly developed countries in the world. Compared to this China and particularly India are still lagging behind, but they are catching up considerably. China is at this stage the world's largest exporter of IC-technology and the most popular target for foreign direct investment. India's strengths are up to ICT-services and biotechnological R&D. To persist the rising technological competition with these countries, Germany has to increase its efforts in innovation and to focus on its comparative advantages. China, Indien und Korea sind aufgrund ihrer Wachstumsdynamik, aber vor allem auch als Konkurrenten und Kooperationspartner auf den Technologiemärkten in den weltweiten Fokus gerückt. Auslösendes Moment für den technologischen Aufholprozess war die Öffnung für ausländische Unternehmen und der damit verbundene Technologietransfer, seine Geschwindigkeit wird maßgeblich von Investitionen in Bildung und Forschung und Entwicklung bestimmt. Korea hat schon seit längerem zur Gruppe der hochentwickelten Volkswirtschaften aufgeschlossen. China und vor allem Indien hängen vom Entwicklungsstand her zwar noch zurück, holen aber spürbar auf. China ist mittlerweile zum bedeutendsten Exporteur von Informations- und Nachrichtentechnologien und größten Empfänger internationaler Direktinvestitionen aufgestiegen. Indiens Stärken liegen vor allem bei Softwaredienstleistungen und in der biotechnologischen Forschung. Aus deutscher Sicht erhöht dies den Druck, permanent zu innovieren und sich auf die Bereiche zu fokussieren, in denen komparative Vorteile bestehen.

Suggested Citation

  • Olaf Krawczyk & Harald Legler & Birgit Gehrke, 2008. "Asiatische Aufhol-Länder im globalen Technologiewettbewerb: die FuE- und Bildungsanstrengungen von Korea, China und Indien im Vergleich," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 77(2), pages 79-94.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:77-2-6
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.77.2.79
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Devesh Kapur & Pratap Bhanu Mehta, 2004. "Indian Higher Education Reform: From Half-Baked Socialism to Half-Baked Capitalism," CID Working Papers 108, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
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    Cited by:

    1. Schiersch, Alexander & Gehrke, Birgit, 2013. "FuE-intensive Industrien und wissensintensive Dienstleistungen im internationalen Vergleich," Studien zum deutschen Innovationssystem 7-2013, Expertenkommission Forschung und Innovation (EFI) - Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation, Berlin.
    2. Rainer Voßkamp & Dieter Dohmen, 2008. "Bildungssysteme im internationalen Vergleich," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 77(2), pages 11-32.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Technological competition; asian thresh-old countires; national innovation system;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O53 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Asia including Middle East
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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