IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/dem/demres/v46y2022i31.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The contribution of smoking-attributable mortality to differences in mortality and life expectancy among US African-American and white adults, 2000–2019

Author

Listed:
  • Brian L. Rostron

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

  • Esther Salazar

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

  • Bridget K. Ambrose

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

  • Brittny C. Davis Lynn

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

  • Chunfeng Ren

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

  • Cindy M. Chang

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

Abstract

Background: The role of smoking in racial disparities in mortality and life expectancy in the United States has been examined previously, but up-to-date estimates are generally unavailable, even though smoking prevalence has declined in recent decades. Objective: We estimate the contribution of smoking-attributable mortality to observed differences in mortality and life expectancy for US African-American and white adults from 2000–2019. Methods: The indirect Preston–Glei–Wilmoth method was used with national vital statistics and population data and nationally representative never-smoker lung cancer death rates to estimate the smoking-attributable fraction (SAF) of deaths in the United States by sex-race group from 2000–2019. Mortality rates without smoking-attributable mortality were used to estimate life expectancy at age 50 (e_50) by group during the period. Results: African-American men had the highest estimated SAF during the period, beginning at 26.4% (95% CI:25.0%–27.8%) in 2000 and ending at 12.1% (95% CI:11.4%–12.8%) in 2019. The proportion of the difference in e_50 for white and African-American men that was due to smoking decreased from 27.7% to 14.8%. For African-American and white women, the estimated differences in e_50 without smoking-attributable mortality were similar to observed differences. Conclusions: Smoking continues to contribute to racial disparities in mortality and life expectancy among men in the United States. Contribution: We present updated estimates of the contribution of smoking to mortality differences in the United States using nationally representative data sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Brian L. Rostron & Esther Salazar & Bridget K. Ambrose & Brittny C. Davis Lynn & Chunfeng Ren & Cindy M. Chang, 2022. "The contribution of smoking-attributable mortality to differences in mortality and life expectancy among US African-American and white adults, 2000–2019," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 46(31), pages 905-918.
    • Handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:46:y:2022:i:31
    DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2022.46.31
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol46/31/46-31.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.4054/DemRes.2022.46.31?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jessica Ho & Irma Elo, 2013. "The Contribution of Smoking to Black-White Differences in U.S. Mortality," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 50(2), pages 545-568, April.
    2. Goodarz Danaei & Eric L Ding & Dariush Mozaffarian & Ben Taylor & Jürgen Rehm & Christopher J L Murray & Majid Ezzati, 2009. "The Preventable Causes of Death in the United States: Comparative Risk Assessment of Dietary, Lifestyle, and Metabolic Risk Factors," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(4), pages 1-23, April.
    3. Orsi, J.M. & Margellos-Anast, H. & Whitman, S., 2010. "Black-white health disparities in the United States and Chicago: A 15-year progress analysis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(2), pages 349-356.
    4. Andrew Fenelon & Samuel Preston, 2012. "Estimating Smoking-Attributable Mortality in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 49(3), pages 797-818, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Joseph T. Lariscy & Robert A. Hummer & Richard G. Rogers, 2018. "Cigarette Smoking and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Adult Mortality in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(5), pages 1855-1885, October.
    2. Christopher Tencza & Samuel Preston & Andrew C. Stokes, 2014. "Factors responsible for mortality variation in the United States: A latent variable analysis," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 31(2), pages 27-70.
    3. Charles Courtemanche & James Marton & Benjamin Ukert & Aaron Yelowitz & Daniela Zapata, 2018. "Early Effects of the Affordable Care Act on Health Care Access, Risky Health Behaviors, and Self‐Assessed Health," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 84(3), pages 660-691, January.
    4. Bertocchi, Graziella & Dimico, Arcangelo, 2020. "COVID-19, Race, and Redlining," GLO Discussion Paper Series 603, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    5. Dusanee Kesavayuth & Prompong Shangkhum & Vasileios Zikos, 2022. "Well-Being and Physical Health: A Mediation Analysis," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 2849-2879, August.
    6. Samson, Frank L., 2015. "Racial resentment and smoking," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 164-168.
    7. Matthew Ritchey & Stavros Tsipas & Fleetwood Loustalot & Gregory Wozniak, 2016. "Use of Pharmacy Sales Data to Assess Changes in Prescription- and Payment-Related Factors that Promote Adherence to Medications Commonly Used to Treat Hypertension, 2009 and 2014," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(7), pages 1-14, July.
    8. Pınar Mine Güneş, 2016. "The effects of teenage childbearing on long-term health in the US: a twin-fixed-effects approach," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 891-920, December.
    9. Ryan Masters & Robert Hummer & Daniel Powers & Audrey Beck & Shih-Fan Lin & Brian Finch, 2014. "Long-Term Trends in Adult Mortality for U.S. Blacks and Whites: An Examination of Period- and Cohort-Based Changes," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 51(6), pages 2047-2073, December.
    10. Lawrence, Elizabeth M. & Mollborn, Stefanie & Hummer, Robert A., 2017. "Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: Implications for health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 23-32.
    11. Yan Zheng & Qingsong Chang & Paul Siu Fai Yip, 2019. "Understanding the Increase in Life Expectancy in Hong Kong: Contributions of Changes in Age- and Cause-Specific Mortality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-15, June.
    12. Ronchetti, Jérôme & Terriau, Anthony, 2021. "Help me quit smoking but don't make me sick! The controversial effects of electronic cigarettes on tobacco smokers," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    13. Shima Hamidi, 2020. "Urban sprawl and the emergence of food deserts in the USA," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(8), pages 1660-1675, June.
    14. Samuel H. Fishman & S. Philip Morgan & Robert A. Hummer, 2018. "Smoking and Variation in the Hispanic Paradox: A Comparison of Low Birthweight Across 33 US States," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 37(5), pages 795-824, October.
    15. John Cawley & Stephanie von Hinke Kessler Scholder, 2013. "The Demand for Cigarettes as Derived from the Demand for Weight Control," NBER Working Papers 18805, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Mitja Kovac & Rok Spruk, 2019. "Does the ban on trans-fats improve public health? In search of the optimal policy response," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 258-281, June.
    17. Sina Kianersi & Maria Parker & Christina Ludema & Jon Agley & Molly Rosenberg, 2024. "Introduction and Validation of an Ecological Momentary Assessment Methodology to Measure Alcohol Use Among College Students," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(2), pages 21582440241, May.
    18. David Adzrago & Melissa B. Harrell & Kayo Fujimoto & Antwan Jones & J. Michael Wilkerson, 2023. "Association between E-Cigarette Use Behaviors and Anxiety/Depression among Black/African American Adults Based on Sexual Identity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, January.
    19. Andrasfay, Theresa & Goldman, Noreen, 2020. "Physical functioning and survival: Is the link weaker among Latino and black older adults?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    20. Graziella Bertocchi & Arcangelo Dimico, 2020. "COVID-19, Race, and Redlining," Department of Economics 0175, University of Modena and Reggio E., Faculty of Economics "Marco Biagi".

    More about this item

    Keywords

    smoking; mortality; life expectancy; disparities; African Americans;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:46:y:2022:i:31. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Editorial Office (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.demogr.mpg.de/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.