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Strike Success and Union Ideology: The United States and France, 1880–1914

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  • Friedman, Gerald

Abstract

Scholars still disagree about why unions in different countries are radical or conservative. The differences between unions in France and America can be traced to the different requirements for success in strikes before 1914. In France radical unions could win large-scale strikes by involving state officials. In contrast, American unions, facing a more hostile government, avoided state intervention and learned to win strikes by providing financial support to small groups of critically positioned workers. The divergence between American and French union strategy reflected the greater success of American capitalists in winning state support against labor.

Suggested Citation

  • Friedman, Gerald, 1988. "Strike Success and Union Ideology: The United States and France, 1880–1914," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 48(1), pages 1-25, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:cup:jechis:v:48:y:1988:i:01:p:1-25_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Mathieu Bunel & Gilles Raveaud, 2012. "Union Membership does not pay: Evidence from recent French Micro Data," Economics Working Paper Archive (University of Rennes & University of Caen) 201232, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM), University of Rennes, University of Caen and CNRS.
    2. Huberman, Michael & Young, Denise, 1999. "Cross-Border Unions: Internationals in Canada, 1901-1914," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 204-231, July.
    3. Card, David & Olson, Craig A, 1995. "Bargaining Power, Strike Durations, and Wage Outcomes: An Analysis of Strikes in the 1880s," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 13(1), pages 32-61, January.
    4. Mathieu Bunel & Gilles Raveaud, 2011. "Union Membership does not pay," Working Papers halshs-00868217, HAL.
    5. Geraghty, Thomas M. & Wiseman, Thomas, 2011. "Conflict and compromise: Changes in U.S. strike outcomes, 1880 to 1945," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 519-537.
    6. Debbie Mullin, 1998. "A New Look at the Union Wage Premium during the Early Years of the AFL," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 51(2), pages 253-268, January.
    7. Kerstin Enflo & Tobias Karlsson, 2019. "From conflict to compromise: the importance of mediation in Swedish work stoppages 1907–1927," European Review of Economic History, European Historical Economics Society, vol. 23(3), pages 268-298.
    8. Sezer, Ayse Hazal, 2023. "Convicts and Comrades : Coerced Labor’s Impact on Early Labor Unions," Other publications TiSEM 98f91e6a-8e47-4c1f-bc84-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.

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