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Vetting the Advocacy Agenda: Network Centrality and the Paradox of Weapons Norms

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  • Carpenter, R. Charli

Abstract

While a number of significant campaigns since the early 1990s have resulted in bans of particular weapons, at least as many equivalent systems have gone unscrutinized and uncondemned by transnational campaigners. How can this variation be explained? Focusing on the issue area of arms control advocacy, this article argues that an important influence on the advocacy agenda within transnational networks is the decision-making process not of norm entrepreneurs nor of states but of highly connected organizations within a given network. The argument is illustrated through a comparison between existing norms against landmines and blinding laser weapons, and the absence of serious current consideration of such norms against depleted uranium and autonomous weapons. Thus, the process of organizational issue selection within nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and international organizations (IOs) most central to particular advocacy networks, rather than the existence of transnational networks around an issue per se, should be a closer focus of attention for scholars interested in norm creation in world politics.

Suggested Citation

  • Carpenter, R. Charli, 2011. "Vetting the Advocacy Agenda: Network Centrality and the Paradox of Weapons Norms," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 65(1), pages 69-102, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:intorg:v:65:y:2011:i:01:p:69-102_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Niina Meriläinen & Marita Vos, 2015. "Public Discourse on Human Trafficking in International Issue Arenas," Societies, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-29, January.
    2. Winecoff William Kindred, 2015. "Structural power and the global financial crisis: a network analytical approach," Business and Politics, De Gruyter, vol. 17(3), pages 495-525, October.
    3. Kristian Skrede Gleditsch & Simon Hug & Livia Isabella Schubiger & Julian Wucherpfennig, 2011. "International Conventions and Non-State Actors: Selection, Signaling, and Reputation Effects," HiCN Working Papers 108, Households in Conflict Network.
    4. Mintao Nie, 2023. "IOs’ selective adoption of NGO information: Evidence from the Universal Periodic Review," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 27-59, January.
    5. Alexandra‐Maria Bocse, 2021. "Relational Power, Brokers and Influence: A Study on the Controversial Issue of Fracking in the European Union," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(5), pages 1267-1283, September.
    6. Alexandra-Maria Bocse, 0. "Hybrid transnational advocacy networks in environmental protection: banning the use of cyanide in European gold mining," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-19.
    7. Michael W. Manulak, 2024. "The sources of influence in multilateral diplomacy: Replaceability and intergovernmental networks in international organizations," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 579-610, September.
    8. George E. Mitchell & Sarah S. Stroup, 2017. "The reputations of NGOs: Peer evaluations of effectiveness," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 397-419, September.
    9. Oliver Westerwinter, 2021. "Transnational public-private governance initiatives in world politics: Introducing a new dataset," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 137-174, January.
    10. Alexandra-Maria Bocse, 2021. "Hybrid transnational advocacy networks in environmental protection: banning the use of cyanide in European gold mining," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 285-303, June.
    11. David J. Gordon, 2016. "Lament for a network? Cities and networked climate governance in Canada," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 34(3), pages 529-545, May.
    12. Gallemore, Caleb & Jespersen, Kristjan, 2016. "Transnational Markets for Sustainable Development Governance: The Case of REDD+," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 79-94.

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