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Entry Class and the Earnings Attainment of Immigrants to Canada, 1980­1995

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  • Richard A. Wanner

Abstract

An important set of theoretical and policy questions revolves around the comparative success in the Canadian labour market of immigrants entering the country as independent immigrants under the point system, through family reunification programs, or as refugees. I estimate models predicting log earnings from the entry class composition of each entry cohort by country of birth and its interaction with years since arrival controlling for other characteristics known to be related to earnings attainment using data from Citizenship and Immigration Canada's Landing Information Data System (LIDS) for 1980 to 1995 merged with the 1996 Census of Canada Public Use Microdata File. While the point system used to screen immigrants to Canada for skills and labour market suitability does indeed select immigrants who have higher earnings upon arrival than those who are not screened, over time the earnings of the two groups converge after human capital differences are taken into account. In a comparison of the earnings of the refugee class to those of all other classes, the results here also indicate convergence net of human capital differences. These patterns are observed for both men and women.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard A. Wanner, 2003. "Entry Class and the Earnings Attainment of Immigrants to Canada, 1980­1995," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 29(1), pages 53-71, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpp:issued:v:29:y:2003:i:1:p:53-71
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. James Ted McDonald & Christopher Worswick, 1998. "The Earnings of Immigrant Men in Canada: Job Tenure, Cohort, and Macroeconomic Conditions," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 51(3), pages 465-482, April.
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    3. David Card & Richard B. Freeman, 1993. "Small Differences That Matter: Labor Markets and Income Maintenance in Canada and the United States," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number card93-1, June.
    4. George J. Borjas, 1993. "Immigration Policy, National Origin, and Immigrant Skills: A Comparison of Canada and the United States," NBER Chapters, in: Small Differences That Matter: Labor Markets and Income Maintenance in Canada and the United States, pages 21-44, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Chiswick, Barry R, 1978. "The Effect of Americanization on the Earnings of Foreign-born Men," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(5), pages 897-921, October.
    6. Alan G. Green & David A. Green, 1995. "Canadian Immigration Policy: The Effectiveness of the Point System and Other Instruments," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 28(4b), pages 1006-1041, November.
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    8. Wright, Robert E & Maxim, Paul S, 1993. "Immigration Policy and Immigrant Quality: Empirical Evidence from Canada," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 6(4), pages 337-352, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Abdurrahman Aydemir, 2013. "Skill-based immigrant selection and labor market outcomes by visa category," Chapters, in: Amelie F. Constant & Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), International Handbook on the Economics of Migration, chapter 23, pages 432-452, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Matthieu Chemin & Nagham Sayour, 2016. "The effects of a change in the point system on immigration: evidence from the 2001 Quebec reform," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 29(4), pages 1217-1247, October.
    3. Arthur Sweetman & Casey Warman, 2013. "Canada's Immigration Selection System and Labour Market Outcomes," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 39(s1), pages 141-160, May.

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