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Posturas de política monetaria ante fluctuaciones de la economía: una revisión de la evolución teórica

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Abstract

En este artículo se hace una exploración a las posturas de política monetaria desde diferentes corrientes de pensamiento económico, las cuales pueden ligarse al comportamiento de la estabilidad del ciclo económico y financiero. Por tanto, parte de la discusión tradicional entre no intervencionismo e intervencionismo; en la primera visión se encuentran los autores clásicos y neoclásicos, con la creencia de que el dinero solo tiene efecto sobre los precios, y dentro de la segunda, Keynes postula la necesidad de un activismo monetario. No obstante, la década de los anos setenta marca el principio de la neutralidad del dinero, la que domina en las decisiones de política monetaria, para que luego, en los anos noventa, sea aceptado el ciclo económico dentro de la regla de política. Finalmente, el texto analiza cómo con la crisis del 2008 sale a flote una postura de política no convencional, que se transforma en el marco de política para la recuperación económica y se abre el debate acerca del uso de una política macroprudencial por parte de los bancos centrales.******This paper explores the monetary policy positions from different economic schools of thought, which can be linked to the stability behavior of the economic and financial cycle. As such, it is based on the traditional debate between non-interventionism and interventionism. Classic and Neo-Classic authors who believe that money only affects prices uphold the former view. In the latter, Keynes postulates the need for monetary activism. Nevertheless, the 1960s marked the beginning of monetary neutrality as the dominating principle in monetary policy decision-making, so that, later, in the 1990s, the economic cycle was accepted within the policy rule. Finally, the text analyses how, with the 2008 financial crisis, an unconventional policy position was brought forth that later became the policy framework for economic recuperation leading to a debate on the use of macroprudential policy by the central banks.

Suggested Citation

  • José Mauricio Gil León, 2015. "Posturas de política monetaria ante fluctuaciones de la economía: una revisión de la evolución teórica," Revista Finanzas y Politica Economica, Universidad Católica de Colombia, vol. 7(2), pages 381-401, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000443:014138
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ben S. Bernanke & Vincent R. Reinhart & Brian P. Sack, 2004. "Monetary Policy Alternatives at the Zero Bound: An Empirical Assessment," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 35(2), pages 1-100.
    2. Palle Andersen & David Gruen, 1995. "Macroeconomic Policies and Growth," RBA Annual Conference Volume (Discontinued), in: Palle Andersen & Jacqueline Dwyer & David Gruen (ed.),Productivity and Growth, Reserve Bank of Australia.
    3. Denis Beau & Christophe Cahn & Laurent Clerc & Benoît Mojon, 2014. "Macro-Prudential Policy and the Conduct of Monetary Policy," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Sofía Bauducco & Lawrence Christiano & Claudio Raddatz (ed.),Macroeconomic and Financial Stability: challenges for Monetary Policy, edition 1, volume 19, chapter 9, pages 273-314, Central Bank of Chile.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Intervencionismo; discrecionalidad; reglas monetarias; estabilidad financiera; banco central.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B30 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought: Individuals - - - General
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers

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