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Revisión crítica de los postulados clásicos del comercio internacional: un ejercicio empírico sobre Colombia y Perú

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  • Jorge Enrique Garcés Cano

Abstract

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta una revisión sintética y crítica de los principales postulados clásicos del comercio internacional, a partir de las ideas de Smith (1776) y Ricardo (1817); para ello, se realiza, desde su dimensión descriptiva, las confrontaciones del caso en torno a la difícil validación empírica de sus supuestos teórico-conceptuales y, al tiempo, se desarrolla un ejercicio elemental de validación empírica, propio de un curso de introducción a la economía internacional. En el texto se toman como referencia dos países que se suponen “cercanos”: Colombia y Perú, en relación con varios bienes cuyas condiciones de producción, comercialización y consumo se antojan ad hoc como bastante “homogéneas”: petróleo, oro, carne de pollo y naranjas.******This article presents a summarized review and a criticism of the principle classic postulates of international trade, based on the ideas of Smith (1776) and Ricardo (1817). The conflicts of the case are described in relation to the difficulty of empirically validating the theoretical-conceptual assumptions and, at the same time, a simple empirical validation exercise is conducted, as found in an introductory course on international economics. The article uses two supposedly “close” countries as reference points—Colombia and Peru—and examines various goods whose production, trade and consumption appear on the surface to be particularly homogenous: oil, gold, chicken meat and oranges.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Enrique Garcés Cano, 2015. "Revisión crítica de los postulados clásicos del comercio internacional: un ejercicio empírico sobre Colombia y Perú," Revista Finanzas y Politica Economica, Universidad Católica de Colombia, vol. 7(1), pages 147-168, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000443:012600
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Allen Schick, 2010. "Crisis Budgeting," OECD Journal on Budgeting, OECD Publishing, vol. 9(3), pages 1-14.
    2. anonymous, 2009. "Atlanta Fed economist examines the subprime crisis," Financial Update, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 22(1).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    asimetrías; barreras de entrada; barreras de movilidad; barreras de salida; equilibrio económico; factores de producción; ventajas absolutas; ventajas comparativas o relativas. asymmetries; barriers to entry; mobility barriers; barriers toexit; economic equilibrium; factors of production; absolute advantages; comparativeor relative advantages.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity
    • D82 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Asymmetric and Private Information; Mechanism Design
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F42 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
    • N10 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - General, International, or Comparative

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