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La reciente afluencia de capital extranjero a Colombia

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  • Roberto Steiner

Abstract

“Entre 1990 y 1992, Colombia mostró un considerable saldo positivo en su balanza de pagos, en virtud a un superávit en cuenta corriente. Aunque se puede argumentar que parte del superávit corriente estaba reflejando movimientos de capital, Colombia solamente enfrentó una afluencia masiva de capital extranjero a partir de 1993. Proyecciones recientes sugieren que Colombia se apresta a tener uno de los mayores déficit en cuenta corriente en la América Latina. En muchos países, particularmente a raíz de la crisis mexicana, dicha perspectiva sería motivo de gran preocupación, quizás traduciéndose en presiones hacia el debilitamiento del tipo de cambio. En Colombia ese no fue el caso, por lo menos no hasta que en julio de 1995 estalló una crisis política de enormes proporciones. En este trabajo repasamos los principales rasgos de la política económica desde 1990, diferenciando de manera clara la acumulación de reservas de 1990-1992, originada en el superávit corriente, del período de afluencia de capital extranjero a partir de 1993. Nuestro propósito central es extraer lecciones de política a partir de la experiencia colombiana. El trabajo está organizado de la siguiente manera. En la segunda sección se describe y analiza, de manera comparativa, el balance macroeconómico a partir de 1990. Mostramos además que la inversión extranjera directa ha jugado un papel importante dentro de la afluencia de financiamiento externo. En la tercera sección, analizamos la política macroeconómica durante el mismo período. En la cuarta, presentamos las conclusiones.”

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto Steiner, 1996. "La reciente afluencia de capital extranjero a Colombia," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000438:013560
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/2184
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:ucp:bkecon:9780226184890 is not listed on IDEAS
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    5. Escobar, Andrés & Steiner, Roberto, 1995. "Acumulación de reservas internacionales: sus causas y efectos en el caso de Colombia," Financiamiento para el Desarrollo 5232, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    6. Paul R. Krugman, 1991. "Target Zones and Exchange Rate Dynamics," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 106(3), pages 669-682.
    7. Obstfeld, Maurice, 1982. "Can We Sterilize? Theory and Evidence," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 72(2), pages 45-50, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Herrera, Santiago, 2000. "Determinantes y composición del endeudamiento público en Colombia," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 2110, Inter-American Development Bank.
    2. Santiago Herrera, 2000. "Determinantes y Composición del Endeudamiento Público en Colombia," Research Department Publications 3105, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    3. Leonardo Villar & Hernán Rincón, 2000. "The Colombian Economy In The Nineties: Capital Flows And Foreign Exchange Regimes," Borradores de Economia 3575, Banco de la Republica.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Capitales Extranjeros; Inversiones Extranjeras; Balanza de Pagos; Política Fiscal; Política Cambiaria; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • O24 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Trade Policy; Factor Movement; Foreign Exchange Policy
    • J33 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory

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