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Un análisis smithiano del crecimiento económico colombiano: avances metodológicos

Author

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  • Ortiz, Carlos Humberto
  • Jiménez, Diana Marcela

Abstract

Resumen: La teoría económica postula que el crecimiento económico es potenciado por la acumulación factorial, la provisión de bienes públicos y el respeto a los derechos de propiedad. Sin desconocer este consenso, en este trabajo se rescata la hipótesis smithiana que plantea que la diversificación productiva y la expansión de la capacidad de compra de la población también son motores integrados y fundamentales del crecimiento económico. Los datos disponibles no permiten rechazar la hipótesis de que la acumulación conjunta de capital físico y humano, la diversificación de actividades productivas intensivas en tecnología y la expansión de la capacidad de compra de la población urbana son resortes claves del crecimiento económico colombiano. Con el mismo análisis se identifican tres importantes lastres del desarrollo económico nacional: el escaso desarrollo de la infraestructura de transporte, el alto nivel de violencia y la insuficiencia, ineficiencia y/o carestía de los servicios gubernamentales y financieros. Abstract: Economic theory posits that economic growth is enhanced by factor accumulation, public good provision, and respect for property rights. Without disregarding this consensus, this paper rescues the Smithian hypothesis that diversification of production and the expansion of the population purchasing power are also integrated and fundamental engines of economic growth. In fact, the available data do not allow rejecting the hypotheses that the combined accumulation of physical and human capital, the diversification of technology-intensive productive activities, and the expansion of the urban population purchasing power are the main sources of economic growth in Colombia. The analysis also allows identifying three important plummets of domestic economic development: the insufficient development of transport infrastructure, high levels of violence, and the inadequacy, inefficiency and/or scarcity of governmental and financial services.

Suggested Citation

  • Ortiz, Carlos Humberto & Jiménez, Diana Marcela, 2017. "Un análisis smithiano del crecimiento económico colombiano: avances metodológicos," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue 87, pages 35-66, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000174:015707
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kevin M. Murphy & Andrei Shleifer & Robert Vishny, 1989. "Income Distribution, Market Size, and Industrialization," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 104(3), pages 537-564.
    2. Murphy, Kevin M & Shleifer, Andrei & Vishny, Robert W, 1989. "Industrialization and the Big Push," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 97(5), pages 1003-1026, October.
    3. Hall, Robert E, 1988. "The Relation between Price and Marginal Cost in U.S. Industry," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 96(5), pages 921-947, October.
    4. Diana Marcela Jiménez & Carlos Humberto Ortiz, 2016. "A Smithian analysis of the Colombian economic growth," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 34(79), pages 66-77, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Humberto Ortiz & Diana Marcela Jiménez & María Liliam Jaramillo, 2019. "Productive diversification and structural change in closed and open economies," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 91, pages 11-39, Julio - D.
    2. Ortiz, Carlos Humberto & Jiménez, Diana Marcela & Jaramillo, María Liliam, 2019. "Diversificación productiva y cambio estructural en economías cerradas y abiertas," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue 91, pages 1-29, July.
    3. Diana Marcela Jiménez Restrepo & Carlos Humberto Ortiz Quevedo & José Ignacio Uribe, 2019. "Una reformulación de la ley de Okun para Colombia," Revista de Economía del Caribe 18093, Universidad del Norte.
    4. Carlos Humberto Ortiz & Diana Marcela Jiménez & Gissel Natalia Cruz, 2019. "The impact of infrastructure on economic growth in Colombia: a Smithian approach," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 90, pages 97-126, Enero - J.
    5. Ortiz, Carlos Humberto & Jiménez, Diana & Cruz, Gissel, 2019. "El impacto de la infraestructura en el crecimiento económico colombiano: un enfoque smithiano," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue 90, pages 97-126, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    crecimiento económico; diversificación productiva; capacidad de compra; derechos de propiedad; bienes públicos;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • D13 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Production and Intrahouse Allocation
    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology

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