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Balance fiscal estructural y cíclico del gobierno nacional central de Colombia, 1980-200

Author

Listed:
  • Hernán Rincón
  • Jenny Berthel
  • Miguel Gómez

Abstract

Tener conocimiento del balance fiscal estructural es significativotanto para el análisis como para la formulación ex ante de lapolítica fiscal. En este documento se propone una metodologíapara la determinación del balance estructural de las finanzasdel gobierno nacional central (GNC), con base en el procedimientoestándar del Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI). Lametodología se construye a partir del cálculo del balance estructuraltotal y primario, con sus correspondientes balancescíclicos, para el período de 1980 a 2002. Se utilizaron diferentestécnicas econométricas para la estimación de parámetros relevantes.Los resultados indican que a comienzos de la década de los ochentay de los noventa el balance fiscal estructural del gobierno estuvo por encima delobservado, es decir, el gobierno tuvo un menor déficit o mayor superávit, en unamagnitud de entre 0,1% y 0,4% del producto interno bruto (PIB), debido a losmovimientos cíclicos del PIB y/o a las desviaciones de los precios del crudo porencima de su tendencia de largo plazo y/o por las menores erogacionespor transferencias territoriales. Para el resto del período de análisis sucedió locontrario, es decir, el balance estructural del gobierno estuvo por debajo delobservado, en una magnitud entre 0,2% y 0,4% del PIB. La magnitud de lasdiferencias lleva a la conclusión de que el balance fiscal del gobierno central deColombia es básicamente de naturaleza estructural, es decir, que no basta conque el país crezca a tasas iguales al potencial sino que se necesita mucho másesfuerzo (en ingresos y gastos) para ajustar las finanzas del gobierno.

Suggested Citation

  • Hernán Rincón & Jenny Berthel & Miguel Gómez, 2003. "Balance fiscal estructural y cíclico del gobierno nacional central de Colombia, 1980-200," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 21(44), pages 12-62, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000107:005298
    DOI: 10.32468/Espe.4401
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Natalia Salazar Ferro & Diego Prada H., 2004. "El balance estructural del gobierno central en Colombia," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, March.
    2. Johansen, Soren & Juselius, Katarina, 1994. "Identification of the long-run and the short-run structure an application to the ISLM model," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 63(1), pages 7-36, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mauricio Cárdenas & Roberto Junguito B. & Mónica Pachón B., 2006. "Political Institutions and Policy Outcomes in Colombia : the Effects of the 1991 Constitution," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, June.
    2. Gonzalo Restrepo Quintero & Daphne Alvarez Villa, 2005. "Ley 617 de 2000 y su impacto fiscal territorial," Ensayos Sobre Economía Regional (ESER) 3139, Banco de la República - Economía Regional.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Balance estructural; balance cíclico; balance ajustado; transformaciónde Box-Cox; cointegración; estabilidad; mínimos cuadrados recursivos.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C82 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data; Data Access
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H62 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Deficit; Surplus

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