IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/cog/poango/v11y2023i4p223-234.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Europe’s Global Gateway: A New Instrument of Geopolitics

Author

Listed:
  • Eugénia C. Heldt

    (School of Social Sciences and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Germany)

Abstract

In December 2021, the EU member states agreed on the Global Gateway strategy to mobilize public and private funds of up to €300 billion between 2021 and 2027, to invest in digital, climate and energy, transport, health, education, and research fields. With a geographical focus on Africa, Global Gateway links infrastructure investment projects with condition principles—including democratic values, good governance, and transparency—and catalyzes private investment into EU development financing. Against this backdrop, this study explores why EU member states agreed on this new geopolitical instrument. This piece posits that the confluence of three factors enabled the creation of Global Gateway. First, the EU established this new instrument to counter China’s role as a global infrastructure lender in Africa. Second, Global Gateway was possible through the shift to private investment in multilateral development financing. Equally important for the establishment of Global Gateway was the European Commission’s transformational leadership as an entrepreneurial agent in designing this geopolitical strategy of the EU’s power projection. The conclusion outlines future research avenues and enables readers to consider the wider prospects and caveats of the Global Gateway strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Eugénia C. Heldt, 2023. "Europe’s Global Gateway: A New Instrument of Geopolitics," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(4), pages 223-234.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:poango:v11:y:2023:i:4:p:223-234
    DOI: 10.17645/pag.v11i4.7098
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/view/7098
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7098?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pollack, Mark A., 2003. "The Engines of European Integration: Delegation, Agency, and Agenda Setting in the EU," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199251179, Decembrie.
    2. Sophie Meunier & Milada Anna Vachudova, 2018. "Liberal Intergovernmentalism, Illiberalism and the Potential Superpower of the European Union," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(7), pages 1631-1647, November.
    3. Sophie Meunier & Kalypso Nicolaidis, 2019. "The Geopoliticization of European Trade and Investment Policy," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 57(S1), pages 103-113, September.
    4. Eugénia C. Heldt & Patrick A. Mello & Anna Novoselova & Omar Ramon Serrano Oswald, 2022. "Persistence Against the Odds: How Entrepreneurial Agents Helped the UN Joint Inspection Unit to Prevail," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 13(2), pages 235-246, May.
    5. Julian Bergmann & Arne Niemann, 2018. "From Neo†Functional Peace to a Logic of Spillover in EU External Policy: A Response to Visoka and Doyle," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(2), pages 420-438, March.
    6. Kolja Raube & Raquel Vega Rubio, 2022. "Coherence at Last? Transatlantic Cooperation in Response to the Geostrategic Challenge of China," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 176-185.
    7. Kolja Raube & Raquel Vega Rubio, 2022. "Coherence at Last? Transatlantic Cooperation in Response to the Geostrategic Challenge of China," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 176-185.
    8. Andrew Moravcsik, 2018. "Preferences, Power and Institutions in 21st‐century Europe," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(7), pages 1648-1674, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Guri Rosén & Sophie Meunier, 2023. "Economic Security and the Politics of Trade and Investment Policy in Europe," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(4), pages 122-128.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Eugénia C. Heldt, 2023. "Europe’s Global Gateway: A New Instrument of Geopolitics," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(4), pages 223-234.
    2. Michael Smith, 2022. "How Much of a New Agenda? International Structures, Agency, and Transatlantic Order," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 219-228.
    3. Akasemi Newsome & Marianne Riddervold, 2022. "Conclusion: Out With the Old, In With the New? Explaining Changing EU–US Relations," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 229-234.
    4. Dermot Hodson, 2019. "The New Intergovernmentalism and the Euro Crisis: A Painful Case?," LEQS – LSE 'Europe in Question' Discussion Paper Series 145, European Institute, LSE.
    5. Emil Kirchner, 2024. "Geo-economic and geopolitical developments in EU-asia security relations," Asia Europe Journal, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 333-349, September.
    6. repec:bla:jcmkts:v:47:y:2009:i::p:483-506 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Artur Gruszczak, 2022. "Internal Rebordering in the European Union: Postfunctionalism Revisited," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 246-255.
    8. James P Cross, 2013. "Everyone’s a winner (almost): Bargaining success in the Council of Ministers of the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 14(1), pages 70-94, March.
    9. Moritz Rehm, 2021. "Tug of War over Financial Assistance: Which Way Forward for Eurozone Stability Mechanisms?," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(2), pages 173-184.
    10. Sjef Ederveen & George Gelauff & Jacques Pelkmans, 2008. "Assessing Subsidiarity," Springer Books, in: George Gelauff & Isabel Grilo & Arjan Lejour (ed.), Subsidiarity and Economic Reform in Europe, chapter 2, pages 19-40, Springer.
    11. Scott L. Greer & Benjamin Trump, 2019. "Regulation and regime: the comparative politics of adaptive regulation in synthetic biology," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 52(4), pages 505-524, December.
    12. Liesbet Hooghe & Gary Marks, 2015. "Delegation and pooling in international organizations," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 10(3), pages 305-328, September.
    13. Besir Ceka and Brian Burgo, 2014. "Discovering Cooperation: A Contractual Approach to Institutional Change in Regional International Organizations," EUI-RSCAS Working Papers p0388, European University Institute (EUI), Robert Schuman Centre of Advanced Studies (RSCAS).
    14. José Luis Castro-Montero & Edwin Alblas & Arthur Dyevre & Nicolas Lampach, 2018. "The Court of Justice and treaty revision: A case of strategic leniency?," European Union Politics, , vol. 19(4), pages 570-596, December.
    15. repec:bla:glopol:v:8:y:2017:i:s5:p:102-112 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. James P. Cross, 2012. "Interventions and negotiation in the Council of Ministers of the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 13(1), pages 47-69, March.
    17. Patrick Müller & Peter Slominski & Wolfgang Sagmeister, 2024. "Supranational Self‐Empowerment Through Bricolage: The Role of the European Commission in EU Security and Defence," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 62(6), pages 1672-1691, November.
    18. Checkel, Jeffrey T., 2014. "Mechanisms, process and the study of international institutions," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Global Governance SP IV 2014-104, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    19. Axel Dreher & Katharina Michaelowa, 2008. "The political economy of international organizations," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 331-334, December.
    20. Christophe Crombez & Pieterjan Vangerven & Philippe van Gruisen, 2023. "Preferences and Institutions in European (Dis)Integration," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(3), pages 5-15.
    21. Giuseppe Zaccaria, 2022. "You’re Fired! International Courts, Re‐contracting, and the WTO Appellate Body during the Trump Presidency," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 13(3), pages 322-333, June.
    22. Henrik Enderlein & Johannes Lindner & Oscar Calvo-Gonzales & Raymond Ritter, 2006. "The EU Budget: How much Scope for Institutional Reform?," Contributions to Economic Analysis, in: Designing the New European Union, pages 129-159, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cog:poango:v11:y:2023:i:4:p:223-234. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: António Vieira or IT Department (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.cogitatiopress.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.