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Ausländische Direktinvestitionen: Segen oder Fluch?

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  • Harald Zschiedrich

Abstract

Die mittel- und osteuropäischen Beitrittsländer haben sich in den letzten zehn Jahren zu einer attraktiven Zielregion für ausländische Direktinvestitionen (ADI) entwickelt. Ungeachtet der ungleichen regionalen Verteilung so wie der umstrittenen Wirkungen der ADI auf die Zielländer (Herausbildung dualer Strukturen in den Wirtschaften der MOEL, regionale Disparitäten, unzureichende Spillover-Effekte und negative Impulse auf die Leistungsbilanzen durch zunehmende Importe) besitzen die ADI ein enormes Potenzial, um die internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Unternehmen in den Beitrittsstaaten zu erhöhen. Ein herausragendes Praxisbeispiel liefert in diesem Zusammenhang das Investment des Volkswagenkonzerns in Tschechien, was dazu führte, dass sich Skoda Auto a.s. zu einem vollwertigen Teilunternehmen eines global operierenden Automobilkonzerns entwickelt hat. Die erzielbaren Effekte von ADI hängen von zahlreichen Einflussfaktoren ab, darunter vor allem auch von den konkreten Formen (Akquisition, Fusion, Neugründung, Joint Venture), in denen die ADI realisiert werden. Es wird in künftigen Untersuchungen darauf ankommen, noch differenzierter den Einfluss regionaler Aspekte (z. B. Cluster-Bildungen) sowie unterschiedlicher Motive (marktorientierte oder effizienzorientierte ADI) und Formen (Neugründung oder F&Ü) auf die unmittelbaren Investitionseffekte zu untersuchen.

Suggested Citation

  • Harald Zschiedrich, 2004. "Ausländische Direktinvestitionen: Segen oder Fluch?," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 30(1), pages 45-71.
    • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2004v:30i:1p:45
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gábor Hunya & Jan Stankovsky, 2003. "WIIW-WIFO Database. Foreign Direct Investment in CEECs and the Former Soviet Union with Special Attention to Austrian FDI Activities," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 23518, April.
    2. Jost, Thomas & Nunnenkamp, Peter, 2003. "Deutsche Direktinvestitionen in Entwicklungs- und Reformländern: haben sich die Motive gewandelt?," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 2987, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    3. Nunnenkamp, Peter, 2000. "Ausländische Direktinvestitionen und gesamtwirtschaftliches Wachstum in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 2468, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    4. Gabor Hunya, 2003. "Foreign Direct Investment in CEECs and the Former Soviet Union - with Special Attention to Austrian FDI Activities," wiiw FDI Reports 2003-02, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
    5. Gábor Hunya (ed.), 2000. "Integration Through Foreign Direct Investment," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 1839.
    6. Gábor Hunya & Jan Stankovsky, 2003. "WIIW-WIFO Database. Foreign Direct Investment in CEECs and the Former Soviet Union with Special Attention to Austrian FDI Activities," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 24382, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Harald Zschiedrich, 2008. "EU-Regionalpolitik im Spagat zwischen Wachstums- und Ausgleichszielen," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 34(4), pages 509-533.
    2. Harald Zschiedrich & Hanno Kunzmann, 2005. "Regionale Industriecluster als Hoffnungsträger wirtschaftlichen Wachstums," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 31(2), pages 229-254.

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