IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/clr/wugarc/y2003v29i2p189.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

NAIRU-Theorie und keynesianische Ökonomie

Author

Listed:
  • Engelbert Stockhammer

Abstract

Massenarbeitslosigkeit ist eines der schwerwiegendsten ökonomischen Probleme Europas. Die gängigste Erklärung des Phänomens ist die NAIRU-Theorie, in deren Zentrum eine inflationsneutrale Arbeitslosenrate steht, die als relativ exogen betrachtet wird. Sie wird, gemäß dieser Theorie, von der Ausgestaltung des Arbeitsmarkts und des Sozialsystems bestimmt. Die Politikvorschläge der NAI RU-Theorie umfassen Kürzungen des Arbeitslosengeldes, Senkung der Lohnebenkosten, Senkung von Mindestlöhnen, Lockerung des Kündigungsschutzes, kurz Sozialabbau und Flexibilisierung des Arbeitsmarkts. Die keynesianische Theorie hat keine einheitliche Reaktion auf die NAIRU-Theorie und keine einheitliche alternative Erklärung des Anstiegs der Arbeitslosigkeit in Europa hervorgebracht. Während ein Teil der keynesianischen Diskussion die NAIRU als theoretisch inadäquates Konzept ablehnt, da die Arbeitsnachfrage von den Absatzerwartungen der Unternehmen abhänge und nicht von den Reallöhnen, betrachtet ein anderer Teil die NAIRU als ein sinnvolles Konzept, allerdings sei die NAIRU nicht exogen . Im Gegenteil, sie wird von der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung selbst bestimmt. Als Mechanismen, die zur Endogenisierung der NAIRU beitrage, werden Hysteresis und Kapitalakkumulation hervorgehoben. Wie in der empirischen Untersuchung gezeigt, haben beide Faktoren einen starken Einfluss auf die Arbeitslosigkeit, während Arbeitsmarktinstitutionen kaum Effekte zeigen. Dies bedeutet, dass Arbeitsmarktflexibilisierung, wie sie z. B. Gerhard Sehröder in seiner Rede vom 14. März angekündigt hat, ohne Nachfragestimulierung kaum positive Arbeitsmarkteffekte zeigen wird.

Suggested Citation

  • Engelbert Stockhammer, 2003. "NAIRU-Theorie und keynesianische Ökonomie," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 29(2), pages 189-213.
  • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2003v:29i:2p:189
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://emedien.arbeiterkammer.at/viewer/pdf/AC08890876_2003_002/wug_2003_29_2_0189.pdf
    File Function: PDF-file of article
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Franco Modigliani & Jean Paul Fitoussi & Beniamino Moro & Denis Snower & Robert Solo & Alfred Steinherr & Paolo Sylos Labini, 1999. "An Economist’s Manifesto on Unemployment in the European Union," Journal of Income Distribution, Ad libros publications inc., vol. 8(2), pages 1-1, December.
    2. Mr. Bob Rowthorn, 1999. "Unemployment, Capital-Labor Substitution, and Economic Growth," IMF Working Papers 1999/043, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Bruno, Michael & Easterly, William, 1998. "Inflation crises and long-run growth," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 3-26, February.
    4. Mark Setterfield (ed.), 2002. "The Economics of Demand-Led Growth," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 1864.
    5. Rowthorn, Robert, 1995. "Capital Formation and Unemployment," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 11(1), pages 26-39, Spring.
    6. Nickell, Stephen, 1998. "Unemployment: Questions and Some Answers," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 108(448), pages 802-816, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Eckhard Hein & Engelbert Stockhammer, 2010. "Macroeconomic Policy Mix, Employment and Inflation in a Post-Keynesian Alternative to the New Consensus Model," Review of Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(3), pages 317-354.
    2. Engelbert Stockhammer & Erik Klär, 2011. "Capital accumulation, labour market institutions and unemployment in the medium run," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 35(2), pages 437-457.
    3. Michèle Belot & Jan C. van Ours, 2004. "Does the recent success of some OECD countries in lowering their unemployment rates lie in the clever design of their labor market reforms?," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 56(4), pages 621-642, October.
    4. Vasiliki Bozani, 2011. "NAIRU, Unemployment and Post Keynesian Economics," Working Papers 1104, University of Crete, Department of Economics.
    5. Belot, Michele & van Ours, Jan C., 2001. "Unemployment and Labor Market Institutions: An Empirical Analysis," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 403-418, December.
    6. Engelbert Stockhammer, 2008. "Is The Nairu Theory A Monetarist, New Keynesian, Post Keynesian Or A Marxist Theory?," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 479-510, July.
    7. Andrea Bassanini & Romain Duval, 2006. "The Determinants of Unemployment across OECD Countries," Post-Print halshs-00120584, HAL.
    8. Antonio Rodriguez-Gil, 2018. "Hysteresis and labour market institutions. Evidence from the UK and the Netherlands," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 55(4), pages 1985-2025, December.
    9. Engelbert Stockhammer & Alexander Guschanski & Karsten Köhler, 2014. "Unemployment, capital accumulation and labour market institutions in the Great Recession," European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 11(2), pages 182-194, September.
    10. van Ours, Jan C. & Belot, Michèle, 2000. "Does the Recent Success of some OECD Countries in Lowering their Unemployment Rates lie in the Clever Design of their Labour Ma," CEPR Discussion Papers 2492, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    11. Bruno Damásio & Diogo Martins, 2017. "Do Labour Market Reforms Pay Off? Unemployment and Capital Accumulation in Portugal," Working Papers Department of Economics 2017/01, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Universidade de Lisboa.
    12. Nicolas Carnot & Alain Quinet, 2003. "Enrichissement de la croissance en emploi et productivité," Recherches économiques de Louvain, De Boeck Université, vol. 69(1), pages 97-118.
    13. Engelbert Stockhammer & Rob Calvert Jump, 2022. "An Estimation of Unemployment Hysteresis," Working Papers PKWP2221, Post Keynesian Economics Society (PKES).
    14. Diogo Martins & Bruno Damásio, 2020. "One Troika fits all? Job crash, pro-market structural reform and austerity-driven therapy in Portugal," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 47(3), pages 495-521, August.
    15. Engelbert Stockhammer, 2004. "Explaining European Unemployment: Testing the NAIRU Hypothesis and a Keynesian Approach," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(1), pages 1-26.
    16. Michelle C. Baddeley, 2008. "Structural Shifts In Uk Unemployment 1979–2005: The Twin Impacts Of Financial Deregulation And Computerization," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(2), pages 123-157, April.
    17. António Afonso & André Albuquerque, 2018. "Sovereign Credit Rating Mismatches," Notas Económicas, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, issue 46, pages 49-70, July.
    18. Ioanna C. Bardakas, 2016. "Structural and cyclical factors of Greece’s current account balances: a note," Working Papers 206, Bank of Greece.
    19. Beatrix Paal & Bruce D. Smith, 2013. "The sub-optimality of the Friedman rule and the optimum quantity of money," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 14(2), pages 911-948, November.
    20. Heshmati Almas & Karlson Nils & Box Marcus, 2013. "Generality, State Neutrality and Unemployment in the OECD," Global Economy Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 13(3-4), pages 333-358, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2003v:29i:2p:189. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Michael Birkner (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/awakwat.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.