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Institutionen und Wirtschaftswachstum in den OECD-Ländern

Author

Listed:
  • Theo Eicher
  • Wolfgang Ochel
  • Oliver Roehn
  • Anja Rohwer
  • Anja Hülsewig

Abstract

Für einzelne Länder ist es von Interesse zu erfahren, ob ihre institutionellen Regelungen diejenigen Eigenschaften aufweisen, mit denen erfahrungsgemäß ein hohes Wachstum des Pro-Kopf-Einkommens erreicht werden kann. Eine solche Einschätzung kann mit dem vom ifo Institut in Zusammenarbeit mit Theo Eicher, University of Washington, Seattle, entwickelten Institutionenindex vorgenommen werden. Er basiert auf einem Verfahren, mit dem solche Institutionen identifiziert werden, die in hohem Maße zum Wachstum des Pro-Kopf-Einkommens beitragen, und gestattet es, das Institutionengefüge von Ländern und seine Veränderungen miteinander zu vergleichen. Die stärkste Verbesserung ihrer institutionellen Wachstumsbedingungen gemessen an der Rangposition konnten Neuseeland, Australien und Finnland erreichen. Die größten Einbußen im Länderranking musste Japan hinnehmen. Lag Japan 1994 noch auf Rang 2, so nahm es 2007 die Rangposition 14 beim Institutionenindex ein. Ein weiteres Land, das relativ zu anderen Ländern verloren hat, ist Norwegen. Es verschlechterte sich von Rang 6 auf Rang 13. Deutschland nimmt bei dem Institutionenindex eine gute Mittellage ein. Im Vergleich mit anderen OECD-Ländern weist das deutsche Institutionengefüge eine relativ gute Qualität auf. Im Jahr 1994 nahm Deutschland die 7. und 2007 die 11. Rangposition ein. Deutschland zeichnet sich insbesondere durch gute institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen aus. Es verfügt über eine ausgezeichnete Verwaltung, die Eigentumsrechte werden geschützt, das Land ist politisch stabil, und es herrscht weitgehend Recht und Ordnung. Andererseits ist Deutschland nicht frei von Korruption und das Vertrauen in die Politik ist vergleichsweise niedrig. Ein weiterer Pluspunkt neben den institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen ist die Offenheit des Landes. Die deutsche Wirtschaft ist dem internationalen Wettbewerb ausgesetzt und nutzt die von der Konkurrenz ausgehenden wachstumsfördernden Impulse.

Suggested Citation

  • Theo Eicher & Wolfgang Ochel & Oliver Roehn & Anja Rohwer & Anja Hülsewig, 2008. "Institutionen und Wirtschaftswachstum in den OECD-Ländern," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 61(11), pages 28-36, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:61:y:2008:i:11:p:28-36
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wolfgang Ochel & Oliver Röhn, 2008. "Indikatorenbasierte Länderrankings," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 9(2), pages 226-251, May.
    2. Wolfgang Ochel & Rigmar Osterkamp, 2007. "What Does the Institutions Climate Index for OECD Countries Tell us about Institutional Change and Economic Policy Reforms?," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 5(01), pages 50-62, May.
    3. Wolfgang Ochel & Rigmar Osterkamp, 2007. "What Does the Institutions Climate Index for OECD Countries Tell us about Institutional Change and Economic Policy Reforms?," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 5(1), pages 50-62, 05.
    4. Theo Eicher & Oliver Röhn, 2007. "Institutional Determinants of Economic Performance in OECD Countries – An Institutions Climate Index," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 5(1), pages 38-49, 05.
    5. repec:ces:ifodic:v:5:y:2007:i:1:p:14567286 is not listed on IDEAS
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    1. repec:ces:ifodic:v:9:y:2011:i:3:p:16752113 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. repec:ces:ifodic:v:7:y:2009:i:2:p:14567093 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Theo Eicher & Wolfgang Ochel & Oliver Röhn & Anja Hülsewig, 2009. "Institutions and Growth in OECD Countries," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 7(2), pages 24-29, 07.
    4. Beckmann, Klaus B., 2011. "Das liberale Trilemma," Working Paper 107/2010, Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg.
    5. Theo Eicher & Wolfgang Ochel & Oliver Roehn & Anja Rohwer & Anja Hülsewig, 2009. "Institutions and Growth in OECD Countries," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 7(02), pages 24-29, July.
    6. Wolfgang Ochel & Anja Rohwer & Anja Hülsewig, 2010. "Institutionen und Wachstum – ein Ranking für OECD-Länder," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 63(09), pages 25-31, May.
    7. repec:ces:ifodic:v:9:y:2011:i:3:p:68-73 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Beckmann Klaus & Gerrits Carsten, 2009. "Armutsbekämpfung durch Reduktion von Korruption: eine Rolle für Unternehmen? / Fighting poverty by fighting corruption: A task for private enterprise?," ORDO. Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, De Gruyter, vol. 60(1), pages 463-494, January.
    9. Anja Rohwer & Anja Hülsewig, 2011. "Institutions Matter – Results of the Institutions Climate Index for OECD Countries," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 9(03), pages 68-73, October.
    10. Anja Rohwer, 2011. "Institutions Matter – Results of the Institutions Climate Index for OECD Countries," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 9(3), pages 68-74, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wirtschaftswachstum; Sozialprodukt; Institutionalismus; OECD-Länder;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General

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