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Friendshoring in global production networks: state-orchestrated coupling amid geopolitical uncertainty

Author

Listed:
  • Kalvelage Linus

    (14309 Institute of Geography, University of Cologne , Cologne, Germany)

  • Tups Gideon

    (14309 Institute of Geography, University of Cologne , Cologne, Germany)

Abstract

In an era of multiple crises and geopolitical uncertainty, the need to deal with heightened risk drives states to locate strategic global production networks (GPNs) in geopolitically aligned states, a trend known as friendshoring. In this paper, we contribute to the literature on the role of geopolitics in GPNs by exploring why and how states engage in friendshoring. To this end, we distill from the literature three geopolitical imperatives that, in addition to more conventional GPN imperatives, drive strategic coupling dynamics: reducing risk exposure, (de-)weaponizing supply chains, and maintaining extraterritorial influence. States and state-linked institutions respond to these imperatives by actively “pushing out” new inter- and extra-firm relations in GPNs which often includes previously neglected regions in the global periphery – even when regional assets require substantial transformation. To achieve this, states orchestrate efforts at extraterritorial de-risking, outward-oriented network brokering, and extraterritorial institution-building to actively alter the coupling conditions. By applying our framework to qualitative research on the Chinese soybean GPN in Tanzania and German-led green hydrogen investments in Namibia, we demonstrate how GPN friendshoring relies on both coercion or incentivization orchestrated by the state.

Suggested Citation

  • Kalvelage Linus & Tups Gideon, 2024. "Friendshoring in global production networks: state-orchestrated coupling amid geopolitical uncertainty," ZFW – Advances in Economic Geography, De Gruyter, vol. 68(3-4), pages 151-166.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:zfwige:v:68:y:2024:i:3-4:p:151-166:n:1001
    DOI: 10.1515/zfw-2024-0042
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