IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bog/econbl/y2016i43p7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The determinants of new firms’ export performance

Author

Listed:
  • Nikos Vettas

    (Foundation for Economic and Industrial Research (IOBE), Athens University of Economics and Businessand Centre for Economic Policy Research, UK)

  • Ioannis Giotopoulos

    (University of Peloponnese)

  • Evangelia Valavanioti

    (Foundation for Economic and Industrial Research (IOBE))

  • Svetoslav Danchev

    (Foundation for Economic and Industrial Research (IOBE))

Abstract

The goal of this study is to explore the potential determinants of the post-entry export performance of new firms operating in Greek manufacturing and services industries. We track a large sample of new firms established during the period 2000-2004 and we analyse the drivers of export performance over the period 2010-2012 using data from ICAP directories and Hellastat. Estimations of panel fixed effects show that firm size, age, liquidity and industrial ICT intensity favour post-entry export performance. By contrast, high-leveraged new firms, located in metropolitan areas and operating in knowledge intensive services, tend to be less export-oriented.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikos Vettas & Ioannis Giotopoulos & Evangelia Valavanioti & Svetoslav Danchev, 2016. "The determinants of new firms’ export performance," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 43, pages 7-17, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:bog:econbl:y:2016:i:43:p:7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.bankofgreece.gr/BogEkdoseis/econbull201607.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Thomas Philippon & Philipp Schnabl, 2013. "Efficient Recapitalization," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(1), pages 1-42, February.
    2. Vasilios Manesiotis, 2011. "Numerical fiscal rules in practice," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 35, pages 7-13, June.
    3. Panagiota Tzamourani, 2013. "The Household Finance Survey: description of the 2009 survey and main results on households’ income, wealth and debt in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 38, pages 85-101, November.
    4. Nakashima, Kiyotaka, 2016. "An econometric evaluation of bank recapitalization programs with bank- and loan-level data," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-24.
    5. Theodoros S. Papaspyrou, 2004. "EMU strategies for new Member States: the role of Exchange Rate Mechanism II," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 23, pages 7-25, July.
    6. Mitrakos Theodore, 2008. "Child Poverty: Recent Developments and Determinants," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 30, pages 57-85, May.
    7. Faidon Kalfaoglou, 2011. "The usefulness of stress testing exercise for assessing the soundness of the banking system," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 35, pages 25-46, June.
    8. Evangelia Papapetrou & Dimitrios Bakas, 2013. "The Greek labour market during the crisis: unemployment, employment and labour force participation," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 38, pages 65-83, November.
    9. Daphne Nicolitsas, 2005. "Per capita income, productivity and labour market participation: recent developments in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 25, pages 37-60, August.
    10. Evangelia Papapetrou, 2007. "Education, labour market and wage differentials in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 28, pages 51-73, February.
    11. Pavlos Petroulas, 2008. "Foreign Direct Investment in Greece: Productivity and Spillover effects," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 31, pages 31-48, November.
    12. Panayiotis P. Athanasoglou & Ioannis G. Asimakopoulos & Evangelia A. Georgiou, 2005. "The effect of merger and acquisition announcement on Greek bank stock returns," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 24, pages 27-44, January.
    13. Maria K. Albani & Nicholas G. Zonzilos & Zacharias G. Bragoudakis, 2007. "An operational framework for the short-term forecasting of inflation," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 29, pages 89-106, October.
    14. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2012. "Employment and worker flows during the financial crisis," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 36, pages 31-41, April.
    15. Evangelia Papapetrou, 2004. "Gender Wage Differentials in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 23, pages 47-64, July.
    16. Zacharias Bragoudakis & Stelios Panagiotou, 2010. "Determinants of the receipts from shipping services: the case of Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 34, pages 41-55, September.
    17. Sofia Lazaretou, 2015. "How can the use of historical macroeconomic data series support economic analysis and policy-making? The new Greek macro history database 1833-1949 as part of the large database of Southeastern Europe," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 41, pages 71-101, July.
    18. Montgomery, Heather & Shimizutani, Satoshi, 2009. "The effectiveness of bank recapitalization policies in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 1-25, January.
    19. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2014. "The private sector Greek labour market during the crisis," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 21-36, July.
    20. Petros M. Migiakis, 2012. "Reviewing the proposals for common bond issuances by the euro-area sovereign under a long-term perspective," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 37, pages 43-54, December.
    21. Theodore M. Mitrakos, 2004. "Education and economic inequalities," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 23, pages 27-46, July.
    22. Heather D. Gibson, 2005. "Greek Banking Profitability: recent developments," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 24, pages 7-25, January.
    23. Christos Papazoglou, 2009. "Is Greece's export performance really low?," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 32, pages 27-37, May.
    24. Tassos Anastasatos & Constantina Manou, 2008. "Speculative Attacks on the Drachma and the Changeover to the Euro," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 31, pages 49-77, November.
    25. Aikaterini Chaireti, 2014. "The housing situation of residents of Greece in the time of crisis 2008-2012," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 105-141, July.
    26. Theodore M. Mitrakos & Nicholas G. Zonzilos, 2006. "The impact of exogenous shocks on the dynamics and persistence of inflation: a macroeconomic model-based approach for Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 26, pages 37-57, January.
    27. Uluc, Arzu & Wieladek, Tomasz, 2015. "Capital requirements, risk shifting and the mortgage market," Bank of England working papers 572, Bank of England.
    28. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2012. "The Size and structure of uninsured employment," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 37, pages 23-41, December.
    29. Theodoros Mitrakos & Panos Tsaklogou & Ioannis Cholezas, 2010. "Determinants of the wage rates in Greece with an emphasis on the wages of tertiary education graduates," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 34, pages 7-40, September.
    30. Jean-Stéphane Mésonnier & Allen Monks, 2015. "Did the EBA Capital Exercise Cause a Credit Crunch in the Euro Area?," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 11(3), pages 75-117, June.
    31. Savas Papadopoulos & Pantelis Stavroulias & Thomas Sager, 2016. "Systemic early warning systems for EU15 based on the 2008 crisis," Working Papers 202, Bank of Greece.
    32. Daphne Nicolitsas, 2011. "On-the-job training in Greece: a brief overview," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 35, pages 47-76, June.
    33. Evangelia Vourvachaki, 2013. "Structural reform of the road haulage sector," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 38, pages 21-32, November.
    34. Mike Mariathasan & Ouarda Merrouche, 2012. "Recapitalization, credit and liquidity [Liquidity and leverage]," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 27(72), pages 603-646.
    35. repec:bog:econbl:y:2015:i:42:p:43-104 is not listed on IDEAS
    36. Theodore M. Mitrakos & Georgios Th Simigiannis & Panagiota G. Tzamourani, 2005. "Indebtedness of Greek households: evidence from a survey," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 25, pages 13-35, AUgust.
    37. Hiona Balfoussia & Heather D. Gibson, 2019. "Firm investment and financial conditions in the euro area: evidence from firm-level data," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(2), pages 104-110, January.
    38. Sophia Lazaretou, 2014. "The smart economy: cultural and creative industries in Greece. Can they be a way out of the crisis? (in Greek)," Working Papers 175, Bank of Greece.
    39. Nikos P. karabalis & Euripides K. Kondelis, 2007. "Inflation Measurement in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 28, pages 83-95, February.
    40. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2015. "The effects of minimum wages on wages and employment," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 41, pages 7-29, July.
    41. Ioannis Cholezas & Nikolaos C Kanellopoulos & Theodoros Mitrakos & Panos Tsakloglou, 2013. "The impact of the current crisis on private returns to education in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 38, pages 33-63, November.
    42. Daphne Nicolitsas, 2006. "Female labour force participation in Greece: developments and determining factors," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 26, pages 7-35, January.
    43. Nikos G. Zonzilos & Zacharias G. Bragoudakis & Georgia I. Pavlou, 2009. "An analysis of the reliability of first (flash) quarterly national account data releases for Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 32, pages 39-51, May.
    44. George A. Christodoulakis, 2007. "The evolution of credit risk: phenomena, methods and management," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 28, pages 75-82, February.
    45. Nikos P Karabalis & Euripides K. Kondelis, 2004. "Alterative Measures of Inflation," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 22, pages 67-78, January.
    46. Theodore Mitrakos & Stauros Zografakis, 2005. "The redistributional impact of inflation in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 24, pages 45-82, January.
    47. Papaspyrou Theodoros, 2012. "EMU sustainability and the prospects of peripheral economies," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 36, pages 7-29, April.
    48. Petros Migiakis, 2014. "The international financial markets as a source of funding for Greek non-financial corporations," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 40, pages 59-78, December.
    49. Zacharias Bragoudakis & Dimitrios Sideris, 2012. "Do retail gasoline prices adjust symmetrically to crude oil price changes? the case of the Greek oil market," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 37, pages 7-21, December.
    50. Asimakopoulos, Ioannis & Athanasoglou, Panayiotis & Siriopoulos, Konstantinos, 2006. "External financing, growth and capital structure," MPRA Paper 16451, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    51. Poczter, Sharon, 2016. "The long-term effects of bank recapitalization: Evidence from Indonesia," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 131-153.
    52. George T. Simigiannis & Panagiota G. Tzamourani, 2007. "Borrowing and socio-economic characteristics of households: results of sample surveys carried out by the Bank of Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 28, pages 31-50, February.
    53. Sophocles N. Brissimis & Thomas Vlassopoulos, 2007. "Determinants of bank interest rates and comparisons between Greece and the euro area," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 28, pages 7-30, February.
    54. James R. Lothian & George S. Tavlas, 2018. "How Friedman and Schwartz Became Monetarists," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 50(4), pages 757-787, June.
    55. Montgomery, Heather & Takahashi, Yuki, 2014. "The economic consequences of the TARP: The effectiveness of bank recapitalization policies in the U.S," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 49-64.
    56. Sarantis Kalyvitis, 2014. "Estimating the quality of Greek exports: a non-price based approach," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 40, pages 79-103, December.
    57. Evangelos Th. Pantelidis & Georgios A. Kouvatseas, 2006. "Frontier Survey on Travel Expenditure: methodology, presentation and output assessment (2003-2005)," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 27, pages 63-106, July.
    58. Theodoros M. Mitrakos & George T. Simigiannis, 2009. "The determinants of Greek household indebtedness and financial stress," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 32, pages 7-26, May.
    59. Hiona Balfoussia & Heather Gibson, 2010. "Inflation and Nominal Uncertainty: the case of Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 33, pages 63-78, May.
    60. Vassilis Th. Rapanoss & Georgia Kaplanoglou, 2010. "Independent Fiscal Councils and Their Possible Role in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 33, pages 7-20, May.
    61. Daphne Nicolitsas, 2007. "Youth participation in the Greek labour market: developments and obstacles," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 29, pages 37-88, October.
    62. Faidon Kalfaoglou, 2006. "Stress Testing of the Greek Banking System," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 27, pages 43-62, July.
    63. Theodore Mitrakos & Daphne Nicolitsas, 2006. "Long-term Unemployment in Greece: developments, incidence and composition," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 27, pages 7-41, July.
    64. Valentina Michelangeli & Enrico Sette, 2016. "How does bank capital affect the supply of mortgages? Evidence from a randomized experiment," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1051, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    65. Faidon Kalfaoglou, 2012. "Bank capital adequacy framework," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 36, pages 43-81, April.
    66. Zacharias Bragoudakis, 2014. "An empirical investigation of the relationship between unit labour cost and price developments: the case of Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 40, pages 31-58, December.
    67. Nikos Karabalis & Euripides Kondelis, 2013. "Indirect tax increases and their impact on inflation over 2010 – 2012," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 38, pages 7-19, November.
    68. Balfoussia Hiona, 2008. "Stock market integration-the athens exchange in the european financial market," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 30, pages 29-55, May.
    69. Natalya Martynova, 2015. "Effect of bank capital requirements on economic growth: a survey," DNB Working Papers 467, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department.
    70. Petros M Migiakis, 2010. "Determinants of the Greek stock-bond correlation," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 33, pages 79-90, May.
    71. Panayiotis Kapopoulos & Sophia Lazaretou, 2007. "Foreign bank presence: the experience of South-East European countries during the transition process," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 29, pages 7-35, October.
    72. Heather Gibson & Hiona Balfoussia, 2010. "The impact of nominal and real uncertainty on macroeconomic aggregates in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 34, pages 57-71, September.
    73. Noss, Joseph & Toffano, Priscilla, 2014. "Estimating the impact of changes in aggregate bank capital requirements during an upswing," Bank of England working papers 494, Bank of England.
    74. Sophia Lazaretou, 2014. "The smart economy: cultural and creative industries in Greece: can they be a way out of the crisis?," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 73-103, July.
    75. Dimitrios P. Louzis, 2016. "Macroeconomic forecasting and structural changes in steady states," Working Papers 204, Bank of Greece.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ioannis Chatzivasiloglou, 2017. "The valuation of assets and liabilities of (re)insurance undertakings under solvency II," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 45, pages 63-90, July.
    2. Heather D Gibson & Georgia Pavlou, 2017. "Exporting and performance:evidence from Greek firms," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 45, pages 7-30, July.
    3. Zacharias Bragoudakis, 2018. "Are the price adjustments asymmetric in basic food categories? The case of the Greek food market," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 47, pages 75-91, July.
    4. Christos Papazoglou & Dimitrios Sideris & Orestis Tsagklas, 2016. "Europe as an optimum currency area: the experience of the Baltic countries," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 35-46, December.
    5. Evangelos Charalambakis, 2017. "How did the Greek financial crisis impact on households? A comparison between the two waves of the HFCS," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 45, pages 31-45, July.
    6. Sofia Anyfantaki, 2016. "The evolution of financial technology (FinTech)," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 47-62, December.
    7. Konstantina Manou & Evangelia Papapetrou, 2016. "The economic behaviour of households in Greece: recent developments and prospects," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 7-33, December.
    8. Pinelopi Zioutou & Dimitris Sideris, 2018. "The energy sector: developments and prospects," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 47, pages 57-73, July.
    9. Hiona Balfoussia & Dimitris Papageorgiou, 2018. "Real and financial cycles in the Greek economy," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 47, pages 7-30, July.
    10. Theodora Kosma & Evangelia Papapetrou & Georgia Pavlou & Christina Tsochatzi & Pinelopi Zioutou, 2017. "Labour market adjustment and labour market reforms in Greece during the crisis: findings from the third wave of the Wage Dynamics Survey," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 45, pages 47-62, July.
    11. Melina Vasardani & Dimitra Dimitropoulou, 2018. "The utilisation of EU structural funds in Greece," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 47, pages 31-55, July.
    12. Ioannis Chatzivasiloglou, 2016. "Introduction to solvency ii of (re)insurance undertakings," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 63-103, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sophia Lazaretou, 2016. "The Greek brain drain: the new pattern of Greek emigration during the recent crisis," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 43, pages 31-53, July.
    2. Styliani Belli & Constantina Backinezos, 2016. "The transition to the new methodology for the compilation of balance of payments statistics – BPM6," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 43, pages 19-29, July.
    3. Faidon Kalfaoglou, 2016. "Bank recapitalisation: a necessary but not sufficient condition for resuming lending," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 43, pages 55-75, July.
    4. repec:bog:econbl:y:2016:i:43:p:31-53 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. repec:bog:econbl:y:2016:i:43:p:55-75 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. repec:bog:econbl:y:2016:i:43:p:19-29 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. repec:bog:econbl:y:2016:i:43:p:7-17 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Christos Papazoglou & Dimitrios Sideris & Orestis Tsagklas, 2016. "Europe as an optimum currency area: the experience of the Baltic countries," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 35-46, December.
    9. Konstantina Manou & Evangelia Papapetrou, 2016. "The economic behaviour of households in Greece: recent developments and prospects," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 7-33, December.
    10. Ioannis Chatzivasiloglou, 2016. "Introduction to solvency ii of (re)insurance undertakings," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 63-103, December.
    11. Sofia Anyfantaki, 2016. "The evolution of financial technology (FinTech)," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 44, pages 47-62, December.
    12. Sofia Lazaretou, 2015. "How can the use of historical macroeconomic data series support economic analysis and policy-making? The new Greek macro history database 1833-1949 as part of the large database of Southeastern Europe," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 41, pages 71-101, July.
    13. Faidon Kalfaoglou, 2015. "Alternative approaches to NPLs resolution. Case studies," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 41, pages 45-70, July.
    14. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2015. "The effects of minimum wages on wages and employment," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 41, pages 7-29, July.
    15. Evangelia Georgiou, 2015. "The use of cash and electronic payment instruments in the economy," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 41, pages 31-44, July.
    16. Sophia Lazaretou, 2014. "The smart economy: cultural and creative industries in Greece: can they be a way out of the crisis?," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 73-103, July.
    17. Faidon Kalfaoglou, 2014. "European banking union: “Europeanising” banks’ financial safety net," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 37-72, July.
    18. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2014. "The private sector Greek labour market during the crisis," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 21-36, July.
    19. Aikaterini Chaireti, 2014. "The housing situation of residents of Greece in the time of crisis 2008-2012," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 105-141, July.
    20. Dimitra Dimitropoulou & Anastasia Koutsomanoli-Filippaki & Evangelos Charalambakis & Georgios Aggelis, 2014. "The financing of Greek enterprises before and during the crisis," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 39, pages 7-20, July.
    21. Petros M. Migiakis, 2012. "Reviewing the proposals for common bond issuances by the euro-area sovereign under a long-term perspective," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 37, pages 43-54, December.
    22. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2012. "The Size and structure of uninsured employment," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 37, pages 23-41, December.
    23. Zacharias Bragoudakis & Dimitrios Sideris, 2012. "Do retail gasoline prices adjust symmetrically to crude oil price changes? the case of the Greek oil market," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 37, pages 7-21, December.
    24. Costas N. Kanellopoulos, 2012. "Employment and worker flows during the financial crisis," Economic Bulletin, Bank of Greece, issue 36, pages 31-41, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Post-entry export performance; New firms; Manufacturing; Services; ICT; KIBS; Panel fixed effects;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L10 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - General
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bog:econbl:y:2016:i:43:p:7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Anastasios Rizos (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/boggvgr.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.