IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/wireae/v12y2023i2ne462.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Socio‐economic, legal, and political context of offshore renewable energies

Author

Listed:
  • Santiago Salvador
  • Marta Chantal Ribeiro

Abstract

Offshore renewable energies have been identified as important clean sources of energy in line with sustainable development goals. However, their use can generate conflicts with other maritime activities, as well as the protection of biodiversity and the marine environment. This article analyses the influence of regulatory frameworks and ocean governance in the implementation of such devices, from a legal–political point of view. In this sense, it studies how the law of the sea addresses potential international conflicts between ocean energy installations and other activities (e.g., navigation) developed by other states. It also studies the importance of preventive legal tools—marine spatial planning, strategic environmental assessment, and environmental impact assessment—to anticipate and reduce clashes with other sea users as well as environmental damages that may be caused by these structures. Likewise, this research analyses different national consent procedures and legal–economic supporting schemes, to identify those that boost the implementation of such projects more quickly. Finally, the relevance of enhancing the involvement of affected coastal communities and local stakeholders in the decision‐making processes, as well as in the socio‐economic benefits of offshore renewable energy projects to increase their social acceptance, is also emphasized. This article is categorized under: Policy and Economics > Governance and Regulation Policy and Economics > Energy Transitions Policy and Economics > Regional and International Strategies

Suggested Citation

  • Santiago Salvador & Marta Chantal Ribeiro, 2023. "Socio‐economic, legal, and political context of offshore renewable energies," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(2), March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:wireae:v:12:y:2023:i:2:n:e462
    DOI: 10.1002/wene.462
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.462
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/wene.462?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Masden, Elizabeth A. & McCluskie, Aly & Owen, Ellie & Langston, Rowena H.W., 2015. "Renewable energy developments in an uncertain world: The case of offshore wind and birds in the UK," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 169-172.
    2. Kerr, Sandy & Colton, John & Johnson, Kate & Wright, Glen, 2015. "Rights and ownership in sea country: implications of marine renewable energy for indigenous and local communities," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 108-115.
    3. Elsner, Paul & Suarez, Suzette, 2019. "Renewable energy from the high seas: Geo-spatial modelling of resource potential and legal implications for developing offshore wind projects beyond the national jurisdiction of coastal States," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 919-929.
    4. Snyder, Brian & Kaiser, Mark J., 2009. "Offshore wind power in the US: Regulatory issues and models for regulation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(11), pages 4442-4453, November.
    5. Jeremy Firestone & Willett Kempton & Meredith Blaydes Lilley & Kateryna Samoteskul, 2012. "Public acceptance of offshore wind power: does perceived fairness of process matter?," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(10), pages 1387-1402, April.
    6. Maes, Frank, 2008. "The international legal framework for marine spatial planning," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 797-810, September.
    7. Söderholm, Patrik & Pettersson, Maria, 2011. "Offshore wind power policy and planning in Sweden," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 518-525, February.
    8. Gibson, Emma & Howsam, Peter, 2010. "The legal framework for offshore wind farms: A critical analysis of the consents process," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 4692-4702, August.
    9. Mani, Swaminathan & Dhingra, Tarun, 2013. "Critique of offshore wind energy policies of the UK and Germany—What are the lessons for India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 900-909.
    10. Lu, Wen-Hai & Liu, Jie & Xiang, Xian-Quan & Song, Wei-Ling & McIlgorm, Alistair, 2015. "A comparison of marine spatial planning approaches in China: Marine functional zoning and the marine ecological red line," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 94-101.
    11. Kin-Che Lam & Yongqin David Chen & Jing Wu, 2009. "Strategic Environmental Assessment In China: Opportunities, Issues And Challenges," Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management (JEAPM), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 11(04), pages 369-385.
    12. Quero García, Pablo & Chica Ruiz, Juan Adolfo & García Sanabria, Javier, 2020. "Blue energy and marine spatial planning in Southern Europe," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    13. Bates, Alison W., 2017. "Revisiting Approaches to Marine Spatial Planning: Perspectives on and Implications for the United States," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 46(2), pages 206-223, August.
    14. deCastro, M. & Salvador, S. & Gómez-Gesteira, M. & Costoya, X. & Carvalho, D. & Sanz-Larruga, F.J. & Gimeno, L., 2019. "Europe, China and the United States: Three different approaches to the development of offshore wind energy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 55-70.
    15. Jinkai Yu & Wenjing Bi, 2019. "Evolution of Marine Environmental Governance Policy in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-14, September.
    16. Wright, Glen, 2015. "Marine governance in an industrialised ocean: A case study of the emerging marine renewable energy industry," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 77-84.
    17. Mario Ragwitz & Simone Steinhilber, 2014. "Effectiveness and efficiency of support schemes for electricity from renewable energy sources," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(2), pages 213-229, March.
    18. Parsons, George & Firestone, Jeremy & Yan, Lingxiao & Toussaint, Jenna, 2020. "The effect of offshore wind power projects on recreational beach use on the east coast of the United States: Evidence from contingent-behavior data," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Salvador, Santiago & Gimeno, Luis & Sanz Larruga, F. Javier, 2019. "The influence of maritime spatial planning on the development of marine renewable energies in Portugal and Spain: Legal challenges and opportunities," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 316-328.
    2. Majidi Nezhad, Meysam & Neshat, Mehdi & Piras, Giuseppe & Astiaso Garcia, Davide, 2022. "Sites exploring prioritisation of offshore wind energy potential and mapping for wind farms installation: Iranian islands case studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    3. Santiago Salvador & Xurxo Costoya & Francisco Javier Sanz-Larruga & Luis Gimeno, 2018. "Development of Offshore Wind Power: Contrasting Optimal Wind Sites with Legal Restrictions in Galicia, Spain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-25, March.
    4. Jenkins, Lekelia Danielle & Dreyer, Stacia Jeanne & Polis, Hilary Jacqueline & Beaver, Ezra & Kowalski, Adam A. & Linder, Hannah L. & McMillin, Thomas Neal & McTiernan, Kaylie Laura & Rogier, Thea The, 2018. "Human dimensions of tidal energy: A review of theories and frameworks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 323-337.
    5. R, Hall & E, Topham & E, João, 2022. "Environmental Impact Assessment for the decommissioning of offshore wind farms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    6. Wilberforce, Tabbi & El Hassan, Zaki & Durrant, A. & Thompson, J. & Soudan, Bassel & Olabi, A.G., 2019. "Overview of ocean power technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 165-181.
    7. Willsteed, Edward A. & Jude, Simon & Gill, Andrew B. & Birchenough, Silvana N.R., 2018. "Obligations and aspirations: A critical evaluation of offshore wind farm cumulative impact assessments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2332-2345.
    8. Wright, Glen & O’Hagan, Anne Marie & de Groot, Jiska & Leroy, Yannick & Soininen, Niko & Salcido, Rachael & Castelos, Montserrat Abad & Jude, Simon & Rochette, Julien & Kerr, Sandy, 2016. "Establishing a legal research agenda for ocean energy," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 126-134.
    9. Hussain, Akhtar & Arif, Syed Muhammad & Aslam, Muhammad, 2017. "Emerging renewable and sustainable energy technologies: State of the art," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 12-28.
    10. Bidwell, David, 2023. "Tourists are people too: Nonresidents’ values, beliefs, and acceptance of a nearshore wind farm," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    11. Hughes, Llewelyn & Longden, Thomas, 2024. "Offshore wind power in the Asia-Pacific: Expert elicitation on costs and policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    12. Scarff, Gavin & Fitzsimmons, Clare & Gray, Tim, 2015. "The new mode of marine planning in the UK: Aspirations and challenges," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 96-102.
    13. González, Mario Orestes Aguirre & Santiso, Andressa Medeiros & Melo, David Cassimiro de & Vasconcelos, Rafael Monteiro de, 2020. "Regulation for offshore wind power development in Brazil," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    14. Khadija Zulfiqar & M Jahanzeb Butt, 2021. "Preserving Community’s Environmental Interests in a Meta-Ocean Governance Framework towards Sustainable Development Goal 14: A Mechanism of Promoting Coordination between Institutions Responsible for ," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-25, September.
    15. Jeremy Firestone & Willett Kempton & Meredith Blaydes Lilley & Kateryna Samoteskul, 2012. "Public acceptance of offshore wind power across regions and through time," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(10), pages 1369-1386, April.
    16. Merrie, Andrew & Olsson, Per, 2014. "An innovation and agency perspective on the emergence and spread of Marine Spatial Planning," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 366-374.
    17. Liu, Weiwei & Song, Yifan & Bi, Kexin, 2021. "Exploring the patent collaboration network of China's wind energy industry: A study based on patent data from CNIPA," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    18. Ayman Al-Quraan & Bashar Al-Mhairat, 2022. "Intelligent Optimized Wind Turbine Cost Analysis for Different Wind Sites in Jordan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-24, March.
    19. Zhao, Qin & Zhang, Houcheng & Hu, Ziyang & Hou, Shujin, 2021. "Performance evaluation of a new hybrid system consisting of a photovoltaic module and an absorption heat transformer for electricity production and heat upgrading," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    20. Hong, Sanghyun & Kim, Eunsung & Jeong, Saerok, 2023. "Evaluating the sustainability of the hydrogen economy using multi-criteria decision-making analysis in Korea," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 485-492.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:wireae:v:12:y:2023:i:2:n:e462. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=2041-8396 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.